Revista Salud Uninorte

Salutogenic Marketing. Aim and Scope

ABSTRACT Salutogenic Marketing is the branch of social marketing that, through targeted actions, focuses on preserving the health and well-being of both the individual and society. It proposes actions focused on preserving the health and well-being of the individual and society, generating a new change in thought-action, positive health, and a better quality of life. From the salutogenic perspective, social marketing seeks to reorient and revitalize health promotion. The preservation of health requires population empowerment and shared responsibility. In short, Salutogenic Marketing seeks to empower people to make healthy decisions and promote their well-being. Commercial marketing focuses on increasing greater consumption supposedly to improve our living conditions. The reality is that commercial messages have hurt health, an example of this has been the excessive consumption of obesogenic products and other items associated with metabolic syndrome. To counteract the above, there is no better solution than using the same weapons in the opposite direction or demarketing. That is, reorient consumption using social marketing strategies. Associated with health promotion, marketing in its social dimension is a powerful ally to induce behavioral changes towards healthy lifestyles. In this regard, it should be considered that there are three fundamental objectives of marketing applied to health. First, the maximization of consumer satisfaction, who in this case are the users of health services, solving their needs and considering their voice in terms of desires and expectations. Second, the maximization of consumption, guiding the production and distribution of services for the maintenance and recovery of health, and third, improvements in the quality of life and health, which considers social marketing for the individual and collective well-being(1). By way of definition, it could be said that Salutogenic Marketing is the branch of social marketing that, through targeted actions, focuses on preserving the health and well-being of both the individual and society (see figure below).

Vascular involvement of lower limbs after trauma in a high complexity hospital in the city of Medellín (Colombia), 2020

RESUMEN Objetivo: Caracterizar la afectación vascular en miembros inferiores posterior a traumatismo. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo, que incluyó pacientes con lesión vascular en miembros inferiores posterior a trauma. Se realizó un muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos. Para el análisis, a las variables cualitativas se les calculó frecuencias relativas y absolutas, descritas con porcentajes y proporciones, y las cuantitativas con medidas de tendencia central mediana y rangos intercuartílicos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 27 pacientes con lesión vascular asociada a trauma; según el sexo predominó el masculino, con un 85.2 %, y la mediana de edad fue de 30 años. Con respecto al trauma, se observó que el miembro inferior izquierdo fue afectado en un 55.6 % y el accidente de tránsito fue el principal mecanismo de trauma, con un 48.1 %. En las lesiones asociadas al trauma, se observó como principal hallazgo la fractura de hueso en un 77.8 % de los pacientes; de estos, la tibia fue el hueso más afectado, con un 61.9 %. La luxación y la lesión nerviosa se presentaron simultáneamente en el 22,2 %, de los pacientes. Conclusión: El trauma vascular continúa siendo uno de los motivos más frecuentes de consulta al servicio de urgencias; los accidentes de tránsito en nuestro medio representan un gran porcentaje de este tipo de traumas. De igual manera, se debe realizar un examen físico completo, para así diagnosticar e intervenir de forma temprana en la lesión vascular, para impactar de manera positiva en los desenlaces clínicos de los pacientes.

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the vascular involvement in the lower limbs after trauma. Methodology: A retrospective descriptive observational study was carried out, which included patients with vascular injury in the lower limbs after trauma. A non-probabilistic demonstration of consecutive cases was carried out. For the analysis, the qualitative variables were calculated with relative and absolute frequencies, described with percentages and proportions, and the quantitative ones with measures of median central tendency and interquartile ranges. Results: 27 patients with vascular injury associated with trauma were included, according to the predominant sex, male with 85.2 %, and the median age was 30 years. Regarding trauma, the left lower limb was affected in 55.6 % and the traffic accident was the main mechanism of trauma with 48.1 %. In injuries associated with trauma, the main finding was bone fracture in 77.8 % of the patients, of which the tibia was the most affected bone with 61.9 %. Dislocation and nerve injury occurred simultaneously in 22.2 % of patients. Conclusion: Vascular trauma continues to be one of the most frequent reasons for visiting the emergency room; traffic accidents in our environment represent a large number of this type of trauma. In the same way, a complete physical examination must be carried out to detect and intervene early in the vascular lesion, to positively impact the clinical outcomes of the patients.

Analysis of mortality in patients with acute respiratory infection in an institution in Cali (Colombia)

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar los factores asociados a mortalidad en pacientes con infección respiratoria aguda en una institución pediátrica de Cali (Colombia). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un análisis de mortalidad de casos y control en pacientes menores de 18 años que consultaron por infección respiratoria aguda con identificación microbiológica durante el periodo 2020-2022 en una institución pediátrica de Cali. El análisis se hizo con odds ratio crudo sin regresión logística. Las variables fueron catalogadas como no normales mediante la prueba Kolmagorov Smirnof, y se calculó el valor de p mediante la prueba Kristal Wallys. Resultados: Durante el periodo de estudio fallecieron veintiocho pacientes. Se estableció mayor mortalidad en pacientes con ingreso a unidad de cuidado intensivo, requerimiento de antibiótico, infecciones bacterianas y la sintomatología del tracto respiratorio inferior con diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Los resultados fueron acordes con lo encontrado en la literatura. Conclusión: La infección respiratoria aguda continúa siendo una causa importante de mortalidad infantil. En este estudio se analizó los principales factores asociados a mortalidad. Se requieren estudios con cálculo de muestra y control de factores confusores para reafirmar los factores encontrados.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the factors associated with mortality in patients with acute respiratory infection in a pediatric institution in Cali (Colombia). Materials and methods: A mortality analysis of type, cases, and control in patients under 18 years of age who consulted for acute respiratory infection with microbiological identification during the period 2020-2022 in a pediatric institution in Cali. The analysis with crude odds ratio without logistic regression. The variables classified as non-normal using the Kolmagorov Smirnof test and the p-value were calculated using the Kristal Wallys test. Results: Twenty-eight patients died during the study period. Higher mortality was established in patients with admission to the intensive care unit, antibiotic requirements, bacterial infections, and lower respiratory tract symptoms with statistically significant differences. The results were consistent with what was found in the literature. Conclusion: Acute respiratory infection continues to be a worthy cause of infant mortality. This study analyzed the main factors associated with mortality. Studies with sample calculation and control of confounding factors required to reaffirm the factors are found.

Endogenous hypercortisolism: A case report about an ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma Cushing disease

RESUMEN Introducción: El síndrome de Cushing es una patología endocrina rara que se caracteriza por una serie de signos y síntomas que se desarrollan como resultado de una elevación excesiva de los niveles de glucocorticoides. El hipercortisolismo endógeno, en particular cuando se origina de un adenoma hipofisario sobreproductor de hormona adrenocorticótropa (ACTH), se denomina enfermedad de Cushing (EC). Esta forma de la enfermedad representa aproximadamente el 65-70 % de los casos de síndrome de Cushing endógenos, y tiene una mayor incidencia en mujeres de entre 25 y 45 años de edad (1). Objetivo: Esta presentación de caso clínico tiene como objetivo brindar conocimiento para la identificación y el abordaje del hipercortisolismo endógeno secundario a adenoma hipofisario productor de ACTH. Presentación del caso: A continuación, se presenta un caso clínico compatible con enfermedad de Cushing, con pruebas que confirman el exceso de función del eje hipófisis-adrenal y con localización de la lesión por medio de la resonancia magnética contrastada de silla turca. Posteriormente, se realizó control de complicaciones asociadas y tratamiento con extirpación del adenoma hipofisiario por vía endoscópica de transesfenoidal. Discusión y conclusión: Es importante identificar oportunamente las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad de Cushing, tener un abordaje diagnóstico riguroso y definir las intervenciones para controlar el hipercortisolismo y evitar complicaciones.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cushing syndrome is a rare endocrine pathology characterized by signs and symptoms secondary to an excessive increase in serum glucocorticoid levels Endogenous hypercortisolism originates from a pituitary adenoma that produces adrenocorticotropic hormone (ATCH) that is denominated Cushing disease (CD). This form of the disease represents approximately 65-70% of cases of endogenous Cushing syndrome, and it has a higher incidence in women between 25-45 years old (1). Objective: This clinical case presentation aims to provide knowledge for identifying and approaching endogenous hypercortisolism secondary to ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma. Case presentation: The following is a clinical case compatible with Cushing disease with tests that confirm the excess of the function of the ACTH-Cortisol axis and the location of the lesion through the Sella turcica contrast MRI. Subsequently, associated pathologies were controlled and treated with the removal of pituitary adenoma by endoscopic skull base. Discussion and conclusion: It is important to identify the clinical manifestations of Cushing disease timely, have a rigorous diagnostic boarding, and define the interventions to control hypercortisolism to avoid future complications.