Revista eleuthera

International research in Social Work

A relation of Social Service as social struggles in Brazil in the decades of 1970-1990: a collective research effort on the question of the nature of the ethical-political professional dimension

Resumo O artigo apresenta os pressupostos históricos e teórico-metodológicos de uma proposta de pesquisa sobre a natureza da dimensão ideopolítica e a peculiaridade da filosofia da práxis no processo de desenvolvimento e consolidação do projeto ético-político do Serviço Social. Nessa direção, explicitamos os elementos que conformaram a natureza da dimensão ideopolítica do Movimento de Reconceituação e a peculiaridade de sua caracterização na realidade brasileira durante as décadas de 1970 e 1980. Explicitamos, aqui, os processos que constituíram os processos que possibilitaram a contestação do conservadorismo e a edificação do projeto ético-político do Serviço Social brasileiro - processos que expressamos ou desenvolvimento de estudo bibliográfico e documental empreendido pelos autores, sendo, portanto, a apresentação parcial de dois resultados da pesquisa. Nesse contexto, são demarcados os eixos analíticos da proposta de pesquisa, quais sejam: 1. a natureza da dimensão ídeo-política da profissão abordada na relação entre luta de classes/objetos societários das classes subalternas e projetos profissionais. 2. as questões sociopolíticas que atravessaram a aludida relação, demarcando como atenção especial os acúmulos teóricos e ideopolíticos que as fundamentaram.

Abstract The article presents the historical and theoretical-methodological assumptions of an ongoing research proposal on the nature of the ideopolitical dimension and the particularity of the praxis philosophy in the process of development and consolidation of the ethical-political project of Brazilian Social Service. In this sense, elements that shaped the nature of the ideological-political dimension in the Reconceptualization Movement and the particularity of its characterization in the Brazilian reality during the 1970s and 1980s are explained. We explain, here, the processes that constituted the socio-political bases that made it possible to challenge conservatism and build the ethical-political project of Brazilian Social Service - processes that express the development of bibliographic and documentary studies undertaken so far by the authors, therefore dealing with a partial presentation of the results of the investigation. In this context, the analytical axes of the research proposal on screen are demarcated, namely: 1. the nature of the ideo-political dimension of the profession addressed in the relationship between class struggle/societal projects of the subordinate classes and professional projects and 2. the bases sociopolitical aspects that permeate the aforementioned relationship, demarcating with special attention the theoretical and ideopolitical accumulations that underlie them.

The social question and progressivism in Latin America and Africa: critical thinking at a crossroads

Resumen El artículo debate el significado de la cuestión social y de sus múltiples refracciones en parte de la periferia del capital (América Latina y África), así como analiza algunas de las particularidades de este orden social como unidad en la diversidad, en regiones que históricamente han contribuido con la acumulación de capital y estimulado prácticas anticapitalistas. A partir de eso, en el texto se analiza lo que más recientemente se ha caracterizado como progresismos, sus potencialidades y sus límites. En las notas finales, se indaga sobre el alcance de las agendas progresistas y nacionalistas para promover la erradicación de las causas estructurales que alimentan la desigualdad social en el capitalismo, más aún en el marco de los países periféricos y dependientes. A la vez, apunta cuestiones que desafían el trabajo social en la implementación de un proyecto ético-político profesional radicalmente anticapitalista en América Latina y África.

Abstract The article discusses the meaning of the social question and its multiple refractions in part of the periphery of capital (Latin America and Africa), as well as analyzes some of the particularities of this social order as unity in diversity, in regions that have historically contributed to the accumulation of capital and stimulated anti-capitalist practices. Based on this, the text analyzes what has more recently been characterized as progressivism, its potentialities and its limits. In the final notes, the scope of progressive and nationalist agendas to promote the eradication of the structural causes that feed social inequality in capitalism, even more so in the context of peripheral and dependent countries, is explored. At the same time, it points out issues that challenge social work in the implementation of a radically anti-capitalist professional ethical-political project in Latin America and Africa.

Approaches between UK and Brazilian Social Work in challenging Traditional Social Work

Resumo Este artigo objetiva apresentar algumas aproximações entre o Serviço Social do Brasil e do Reino Unido - especialmente no que diz respeito à contestação ao Serviço Social Tradicional. Para tanto, dialoga com as principais produções bibliográficas que versam sobre os determinantes históricos que compõem a emergência da perspectiva contestatória ao Serviço Social Tradicional nestes dois países, no contexto das relações sociais capitalistas entre as décadas de 1970 e 1990, destacando as dimensões teórico-metodológica, técnico-operativa e ético-política. Conclui-se que o diálogo entre as vertentes críticas do Serviço Social dos dois países mostra-se promissor e, por isso, merece ser adensado.

Abstract This article presents some parallels between Social Work in Brazil and the United Kingdom - especially regarding the rebuttal of Traditional Social Work. To this end, this article engages with the main literature that discusses the historical determinants contributing to the emergence of the contestatory perspective of Traditional Social Work in the two countries, within the context of capitalist social relations between the 1970s and 1990s, highlighting the theoretical-methodological, technical-operational, and ethical-political aspects. It is concluded that the dialogue between the critical strands of Social Work in both countries is promising and, therefore, deserves to be enhanced.

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar algunas similitudes entre el Trabajo Social en Brasil y Reino Unido, especialmente en lo que respecta al desafío del Trabajo Social Tradicional. Por lo tanto, dialoga con las principales producciones bibliográficas que abordan los determinantes históricos que configuran el surgimiento de la perspectiva desafiante sobre el Trabajo Social Tradicional en estos dos países, en el contexto de las relaciones sociales capitalistas entre los años 1970 y 1990, destacando la dimensiones teórico-metodológica, técnico-operativa y ético-política. Se concluye que el diálogo entre los aspectos críticos del Trabajo Social en los dos países es prometedor y, por lo tanto, merece ser ampliado.

Advances and trends in social work in the 80s in Spain

Resumen En este trabajo se presentan los resultados preliminares de la investigación Fundamentos de trabajo social: tendencias profesionales en el proceso de democratización de España*, que busca comprender la situación de la profesión en los años 80. Con el enfoque teórico metodológico socio-histórico crítico se analizan fuentes de carácter bibliográfico-documental, destacando los contenidos de las actas del IV Congreso Estatal de Asistentes Sociales de Valladolid, en 1980, y se realizan entrevistas a personas que participaron de diferentes movimientos y organizaciones de la época. Con la Constitución Española (CE) de 1978 y la incorporación de España a la Comunidad Económica Europea (CEE), la profesión buscará nuevas perspectivas desde una aproximación a los debates que estaban teniendo lugar en Europa y que acabarán incidiendo notablemente en el trabajo social español.

Abstract This paper presents the preliminary results of the research Fundamentals of Social Work: professional tendency in the process of democratization in Spain, which seeks to understand the situation of the profession in the 1980s. Using a critical socio-historical methodological theoretical approach bibliographical-documentary sources are analyzed, highlighting the contents of the proceedings of the IV State Congress of Social Workers in Valladolid in 1980, and interviews are conducted with people who participated in different movements and organizations of the time. With the Spanish Constitution (SC) of 1978 and the incorporation of Spain into the European Economic Community (EEC), the profession will seek new perspectives from an approach to the debates that were taking place in Europe and which will end up having a significant impact on Spanish Social Work.

Anticapitalism and its impact on brazilian social work: a discussion of controversies and concepts

Resumen Este artículo aborda algunas controversias teóricas sobre las concepciones que involucran al anticapitalismo en sus múltiples formas de expresión y significados ideopolíticos en la teoría social crítica, y presenta -de manera aproximada- la particularidad del trabajo social brasileño en el contexto de las luchas anticapitalistas. El texto se desarrolló a partir de estudios y reflexiones teóricas basadas en autores (as) que problematizan el anticapitalismo en la dimensión teórico-crítica. El anticapitalismo está presente en el trabajo social y en el proyecto profesional de esta profesión en Brasil, articulado a un proyecto societal en el campo de la emancipación humana. Son expresiones de esta presencia el vínculo orgánico con los movimientos y las luchas sociales de la sociedad brasileña, extremadamente desigual, marcada por el capitalismo tardío, dependiente y subordinado; y el esclavismo colonial que se ha reconfigurado en prácticas racistas y patriarcales. Este es el terreno fértil de las luchas anticapitalistas, y el trabajo social en Brasil no se ha apartado de esta inserción ético-política, a pesar de estar permeado por tensiones y contradicciones.

Abstract This article reflects some theoretical controversies about the concepts that involve anti-capitalism in its multiple forms of expression and ideopolitical meanings present in critical social theory and presents, in an approximate way, the particularity of brazilian social work in the context of anti-capitalist struggles. This study is based on theoretical reflections from authors who problematize anticapitalism in the theoretical-critical dimension. Its central question is: How is brazilian social work linked to anticapitalist struggles? The presence of anticapitalism in brazilian social service is a reflection of its professional project, which is aimed at achieving human emancipation. This presence is expressed through the organic linkages with social movements and struggles in a highly unequal brazilian society, marked by late capitalism, dependence, subordination, and reconfigured forms of colonial slavery in the shape of racist and patriarchal practices. This is the fertile ground of anti-capitalist struggles, and brazilian social work have not shied away from this ethical and political insertion, even though tensions and contradictions permeate it.

The social work union organization in Valle del Cauca, Caldas and Bogotá: historical-critical analysis

Resumen Objetivo. Este artículo intenta dar cuenta del surgimiento y desarrollo de tres asociaciones gremiales en Colombia: la Asociación de Trabajadores/as Sociales del Valle, la Asociación de Trabajadoras Sociales de Caldas y la Asociación de Egresados de Trabajo Social de Bogotá y la Región, en el marco del desarrollo del modo de producción capitalista desde la década de los 50 hasta la actualidad. Metodología. Se realiza un análisis socio-histórico de carácter cualitativo con base en la revisión de más de 4000 archivos de las asociaciones y entrevistas semiestructuradas, se hizo triangulación entre los fundamentos teórico-metodológicos de la tradición marxista, la información recolectada y el contraste con los relatos. Resultados. Con el análisis de los procesos históricos de las tres asociaciones se identifican intereses comunes e ideas modernizantes en las mismas sobre condiciones laborales, defensa del Trabajo Social, formación profesional e investigación, así como una necesidad de renovación crítica profesional.

Abstract This article attempts to account for the emergence and development of three trade associations in Colombia, the Association of Social Workers of the Valley, the Association of Social Workers of Caldas and the Association of Social Work Graduates of Bogotá and the Region, within the framework of the development of the capitalist mode of production from the 1950s to the present. Methodology. A qualitative socio-historical analysis is carried out based on the analysis of more than 4,000 files from the associations and semi-structured interviews, triangulation was made between the theoretical-methodological foundations of the Marxist tradition, the information collected and the contrast with the stories. Results. With the analysis of the historical processes of the three associations, common interests and modernizing ideas are identified in them regarding working conditions, defense of Social Work, professional training and research, as well as a need for critical professional renewal.

Perceptions of social work professionals on working conditions in Cali: years 2019-2020

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo indagar acerca de las condiciones laborales de los y las trabajadoras sociales egresados/as de tres universidades de Cali, Colombia, centrándose en las percepciones sobre su carga horaria, salarios, contratos y proyecto de vida. La metodología de investigación fue mixta y buscaba la integración analítica de datos cualitativos y cuantitativos, es decir, se contrastaron datos de las entrevistas y la encuesta, las cuales se revisaron a partir de categorías de análisis como los campos laborales, las características del empleo y el nivel de satisfacción laboral. Los resultados muestran que algunos elementos que caracterizan el mercado laboral en las sociedades que implementan las lógicas neoliberales reproducen unas formas específicas de contratación y a su vez unas condiciones laborales que van en detrimento del empleado/a. Se concluye que las lógicas del mercado laboral en la actualidad influyen sobre las percepciones de estos profesionales sobre su empleo.

Abstract The objective of this article is to investigate the working conditions of graduate social workers from three universities in Cali, Colombia, focusing on their perceptions of their workload, salaries, contracts and life projects. The research methodology was mixed and sought the analytical integration of qualitative and quantitative data, i.e., data from the interviews and the survey were contrasted and reviewed on the basis of categories of analysis such as labor fields, job characteristics and level of job satisfaction. The results show that some elements that characterize the labor market in societies that implement neoliberal logics reproduce specific forms of hiring and, in turn, labor conditions that are detrimental to the employee. It is concluded that the logics of the current labor market influence the perceptions of these professionals about their employment.

Historical and Theoretical-Methodological Fundamentals of Social Work: a study of teaching tendencies in Brazil

Resumo O artigo objetiva discutir o ensino da matéria de Fundamentos Históricos e Teórico-Metodológicos do Serviço Social (FHTMSS), com base nas Diretrizes Curriculares da Associação Brasileira de Ensino e Pesquisa em Serviço Social (DC/ABEPSS). Sistematiza balizas teórico-metodológicas sobre os fundamentos e a formação profissional, a partir de revisão e de pesquisa bibliográfica em periódicos, dissertações e teses da área. Apresenta dados sobre as configurações curriculares da referida matéria, obtidos em pesquisa documental, mediante análise das matrizes curriculares e dos projetos político-pedagógicos de cursos filiados a ABEPSS. Dentre os resultados preliminares do estudo, destaca-se como configuração curricular predominante da matéria de FHTMSS a sua organização em três a cinco disciplinas, nas etapas iniciais do processo formativo; e, em termos dos conteúdos do ensino, a ênfase para as matrizes do pensamento social em articulação com traços da historicidade profissional, com o diminuto o trato da realidade societária, evidenciando fragilidades no tocante à indissociabilidade dos Núcleos de Fundamentação das DC/ABEPSS.

Abstract The article aims to discuss the teaching of the subject of Historical and Theoretical-Methodological Fundamentals of Social Work (FHTMSS), based on the Curricular Guidelines of the Brazilian Association for Teaching and Research in Social Work (DC/ABEPSS). It systematizes theoretical and methodological guidelines on professional fundamentals and formation, based on a review and bibliographical research in journals, dissertations and theses in the area. It presents data on the curricular configurations of this subject, obtained through documentary research, by analyzing the curricular matrices and political-pedagogical projects of courses affiliated to ABEPSS. Among the preliminary results of the study, the predominant curricular configuration of the FHTMSS subject is its organization into three to five disciplines, in the initial stages of the training process; and, in terms of teaching content, the emphasis on the matrices of social thought in articulation with traces of professional historicity, with little treatment of societal reality, showing weaknesses regarding the inseparability of the DC/ABEPSS Fundamentals.

Resumen El artículo tiene como objetivo discutir la enseñanza de la asignatura de Fundamentos Históricos y Teórico-Metodológicos del Trabajo Social (FHTMSS), con base en las Directrices Curriculares de la Asociación Brasileña de Enseñanza e Investigación en Trabajo Social (DC/ABEPSS). Sistematiza orientaciones teórico-metodológicas sobre los fundamentos y la formación profesional, a partir de una revisión e investigación bibliográfica en revistas, disertaciones y tesis del área. Presenta datos sobre las configuraciones curriculares de esta materia, obtenidos a partir de la investigación documental, mediante el análisis de las matrices curriculares y de los proyectos político-pedagógicos de los cursos afiliados a la ABEPSS. Entre los resultados preliminares del estudio, la configuración curricular predominante de la asignatura FHTMSS es su organización en tres a cinco materias en las etapas iniciales del proceso de formación; y, en cuanto a los contenidos de enseñanza, el énfasis en las matrices del pensamiento social en articulación con trazos de historicidad profesional, con escaso tratamiento de la realidad societal, destacando debilidades en cuanto a la inseparabilidad de los Fundamentos Básicos de la DC/ABEPSS.

Preliminary reflections on the apprehension of work in the professional category of social workers

Resumo O artigo em questão apresenta os resultados preliminares de uma pesquisa em desenvolvimento, sendo executada no âmbito de uma pesquisa internacional. A análise é situada na área dos fundamentos históricos e teórico-metodológicos do Serviço Social e propõe recuperar a leitura e o debate histórico-crítico sobre o trabalho profissional, inaugurado por Marilda Villela Iamamoto. O texto concentra sua atenção na identificação de como a categoria trabalho é apreendida pela categoria de assistentes sociais, considerando o debate sobre o duplo caráter que o trabalho historicamente assume sob o capital: trabalho concreto e trabalho abstrato. Para isso, com base na definição prévia de descritores para a coleta de dados, são apresentados avanços da pesquisa que resultam da análise do conteúdo de trabalhos publicados nos Anais do XVII Congresso Brasileiro de Assistentes Sociais (CBAS), evento de referência para a categoria profissional no Brasil, realizado virtualmente em 2022.

Abstract The article in question presents the preliminary results of a research in progress, carried out within the framework of an international investigation. The analysis is situated in the area of historical and theoretical-methodological foundations of Social Work and proposes to recover the reading and critical historical debate on professional work, inaugurated by Marilda Iamamoto. The text focuses its attention on identifying how the category of work is apprehended by social workers, considering the debate on the double character that work historically assumes under capital: concrete work and abstract work. For this purpose, based on the previous definition of descriptors for data collection, research advances resulting from the content analysis of papers published in the Proceedings of the XVII Brazilian Congress of Social Workers (CBAS), a reference event for the professional category in Brazil, held virtually in 2022, are presented.