Franciscanum. Revista de las Ciencias del Espíritu

Editorial

Community as the product of moment. Observations on the concept of community based on Bernhard Welte’s thought

Resumen El artículo analiza desde una perspectiva fenomenológica preconfesional las nociones de instante, salvación y comunidad en el pensamiento de Bernhard Welte. Primero explicita la relación intrínseca existente entre instante como consumación de la temporalidad existencial y salvación como plenitud significativa de la existencia, por un lado, y el surgimiento y configuración de una comunidad auténtica, por otro. En segundo lugar, distingue la comunidad-asociación como forma histórica defectible de comunidad de la comunidad-hogar como la forma auténtica de comunidad, fundada en la salvación vislumbrada en el instante. Finalmente, describe los rasgos esenciales de la comunidad-hogar y su significación religiosa pre-confesional.

Abstract The article analyzes from a phenomenological pre-confessional viewpoint the notions of moment, salvation, and community in Bernhard Welte’s thought. It first explains the intrinsic relation that exists between moment as the consummation of existential temporality and salvation as the meaningful fullness of existence, on the one hand, and the shaping of an authentic community, on the other. Secondly, it distinguishes the association-community as a defective historical form of community and the home-community as the authentic form of community, which is grounded on salvation surmised in the moment. Finally, the article describes the essential traits of home-community and its pre-confessional religious significance.

The postcolonial question at the risk of deconstruction. Spivak and the condition of women

Résumé Depuis Edward W. Said, les recherches sur le rapport entre discours et représentations idéologiques ont permis d’éclairer la situation postcoloniale en ouvrant un champ de recherche propre à revisiter la question de l’altérité. Depuis, dans cette même ligne, des études comme celles de Gayatri Chakravorti Spivak ont prolongé la réflexion en portant leur attention sur la condition des femmes dans les anciens pays colonisés. L’auteur de la présente contribution s’efforce, alors, en premier lieu, de montrer de quelle façon la philosophe indienne utilise la déconstruction derridienne pour penser la question de la condition féminine indienne. Ensuite, il souligne comment sa lecture postcoloniale de la littérature contribue à revisiter l’histoire de l’indépendance et ses prolongements, en interrogeant la place des femmes, notamment les plus défavorisées. Enfin, après avoir rappel les grandes lignes du texte «Can the subaltern speak?», largement commenté à travers le monde, Fred Poché propose quelques repères utiles pour la prise en compte de la parole des «subalternes».

Abstract From Edward W. Said, research on the relationship between discourse and ideological representations allowed to light the postcolonial situation by opening up a field of research to revisit the question of otherness. Since then, studies developed by Gayatri Chakravorti Spivak have prolonged the reflection by focusing on the condition of women in the former colonized countries. The author of the present contribution endeavors to show how the Indian philosopher uses Derridean deconstruction to think about the question of the Indian female condition. Then, he underlines how his postcolonial reading of the literature contributes to revisit the history of independence and its extensions, by questioning the place of women, especially the most disadvantaged. At last, after recalling some main ideas of the text «Can the subaltern speak? » (Spivak), Fred Poché proposes some benchmarks for taking into account the voice of the «subalterns».

Investigate in philosophy as an erotic and friendly experience

Resumen El objetivo del presente ensayo es reflexionar sobre el modo como la investigación en filosofía -especialmente la investigación formativa que se lleva a cabo en un doctorado- es, por un lado, una experiencia erótica, pues el filósofo es siempre un principiante que está jalonado por el ansia de infinitud y, a la vez, por el hecho de no poder avanzar sino de parcialidad en parcialidad; y, por otro, una experiencia de la amistad, pues el trabajo de pensar jamás se hace en solitario, sino que implica la compañía, el amparo de un interlocutor que amorosamente recrea con sus palabras una constelación de sentido que nos revela que no sabemos . Veremos entonces que lo que está en juego aquí es la invitación a considerar que la realización de la investigación de una tesis doctoral en filosofía es auténtica experiencia de amor, encuentro y compañía.

Abstract The objective of this essay is to reflect on the way in which research in philosophy -especially this one carried out in a PhDis, on the one hand, an erotic experience, since the philosopher is always a beginner, marked by the longing for infinity and, at the same time, for the fact of not being able to advance but of partiality by partiality; and, on the other hand, an experience of friendship, because the work of thinking is never done alone, but involves the company, the shelter of an interlocutor who lovingly recreates with his words a constellation of meaning that reveals that we do not know. In other words, this essay is an invitation to consider research of a doctoral dissertation in philosophy as an authentic experience of love, encounter and company.

Melancholy sailing of loneliness horizon. Problems and challenges of Philosophical Doctorate: in between the school of life and hyper-specialization

Resumen El presente ensayo quiere reflexionar sobre la experiencia y los obstáculos -que a veces llegan a ser verdaderas contraindicaciones- de un doctorado en filosofía a partir del desafío personal que representa la decisión de tomar este camino académico y profesional, hasta la conclusión de la tesis y la defensa final del trabajo. Las consideraciones que siguen se enfocan en algunos elementos típicos que el estudiante enfrenta durante su aventura personal y universitaria de estudios doctorales, como la relación con el director de tesis, el desarrollo de la investigación, la preocupación por la financiación, etc. El campo de mediación y/o batalla entre la filosofía como trabajo (ocupación dirigida a la sustentación económica) y como forma de vida (que a pesar de las dificultades del mundo laboral académico contemporáneo requiere mucha dedicación, vocación y pasión) es la soledad del doctorando.

Abstract This essay’s goal is to think about experiences and obstacles -sometimes even counter-indications- of a Philosophical Doctorate, from the personal challenges of taking this professional and academic path until thesis conclusion and defense. Following considerations focus on day-by-day personal and college adventures for a PhD student, including relationship with thesis director, research development, founding concerns, etc. The battlefield of philosophy as a job (as income source) and philosophy as a lifestyle (which, despite all academic and job difficulties, requires dedication, vocation, and passion) is the loneliness of PhD student.

Notes on the people as a mystical body. From Pope Francisco to Suarez, and back

Resumen El papa Francisco tiene una particular noción de pueblo al cual ha caracterizado, entre otros calificativos, de místico o mítico. En este sentido, recientes trabajos muestran que la noción de pueblo que el Papa maneja y desarrolla en su magisterio tiene su origen en la denominada Teología del Pueblo, doctrina de clara raigambre latinoamericana. Sin embargo, en este trabajo queremos proponer nuevos elementos conceptuales que podrían abonar la hipótesis de que la influencia más remota e indirecta -aunque no de menor peso- del Papa se retrotrae a los desarrollos teóricos de otro Jesuita, Francisco Suárez, quien en el marco de su filosofía política se refirió al pueblo como cuerpo místico.

Abstract Pope Francis has a particular notion of people, which he has characterized, among other qualifiers, like mystical or mythical. In this sense, recent works show that the notion of the people that the Pope manages and develops in his teaching has its origin in the so-called Theology of the People, a doctrine of clear Latin American roots. However, in this paper we want to propose new conceptual elements that could support the hypothesis that the most remote and indirect influence -although not of less weight- of the Pope goes back to the theoretical developments of another Jesuit, Francisco Suárez, who in the framework of his political philosophy he referred to the people as a mystical body.

Moses and the disciples of Jesus do not speak for themselves

Resumo Existem intertextualidades surpreendentes entre as tradições vétero e neotestamentárias. Os autores do Novo Testamento, pois, fizeram questão de ou citar literalmente algo das Sagradas Escrituras de Israel ou, de forma mais livre, fazer alusões a tais tradições. Nesse sentido, a personagem de Moisés e pormenores ligados à sua trajetória e/ou biografia, presentes nas narrativas de Êxodo a Deuteronômio, ganha maior destaque na segunda parte da Bíblia cristã. Justamente isso vale também para um discurso que, segundo a narrativa em Ex 3,1-4,17, o Senhor, Deus de Israel, dirigiu a Moisés, visando à necessidade de o líder profético precisar convencer outros através de suas palavras: «Eu, pois, estarei com tua boca e te instruirei sobre o que deverás falar» (Ex 4,12b-c). Conforme os Evangelhos segundo Marcos, Mateus, Lucas e João, Jesus acolheu tal tradição e esperança religiosa ao instruir seus discípulos (Mc 13,11; Mt 10,19; Lc 12,12; Jo 14,26). A investigação dos pormenores da intertextualidade aquí indicada constitui a tarefa da pesquisa apresentada neste artigo.

Abstract There are surprising intertextualities between the Old and New Testament traditions. The authors of the New Testament have therefore made it a matter of either quoting literally something from the Holy Scriptures of Israel or, more freely, making allusions to such traditions. In this sense, the character of Moses and details related to his trajectory and/or biography, present in the narratives of Exodus to Deuteronomy, gain greater prominence in the second part of the Christian Bible. This also applies to a discourse which, according to the account in Exodus 3: 1 - 4: 17, the LORD and God of Israel directed to Moses, in view of the need that the prophetic leader has to convince others by his words: «I will therefore be with your mouth, and will instruct you in what thou shall speak» (Ex 4: 12b-c). According to the Gospels according to Mark, Matthew, Luke and John, Jesus welcomed this tradition and religious hope in instructing his disciples (Mk 13: 11, Mt 10: 19, Lk 12: 12, Jn 14: 26). The investigation of the details of the intertextuality indicated here is the task of the research presented in this article.

Ecological sin and sacramental reconciliation

Resumen La explotación egoísta de la tierra es un pecado, pues «un crimen contra la naturaleza es un crimen contra nosotros mismos y un pecado contra Dios»1 Por lo tanto, el Papa Francisco invita a abrazar la conversión ecológica y a implorar «la misericordia de Dios por los pecados cometidos contra la creación, que hasta ahora no hemos sabido reconocer ni confesar»2. Teniendo en cuenta las enseñanzas papales, este artículo subraya la necesidad de hacer más evidente la dimensión ecológica en el sacramento de la Penitencia.

Abstract «To commit a crime against the natural world is a sin against ourselves and a sin against God»3. Therefore, Pope Francis invites everyone to implore God’s mercy, through the sacrament of Penance, «for those sins against creation that we have not hitherto acknowledged and confessed»4. Taking into account the Papal teachings, this article emphasizes the need to make more evident the ecological dimension in the sacrament of Penance.

**Ordine, Nuccio. Los retratos de Gabriel García Márquez. Repetición y diferencia. Trad. Manuel Prada Londoño - Eleanor Londero. Cali: Editorial Bonaventuriana, 2018**

Díaz Tejo, Javier. Espiritualidad ¡Ahora! Para un desarrollo humano integral y sostenido. Santiago de Chile: Universidad Finis Terrae, 2017.