Abstract

ENCISO, Luisa Fernanda; HERRERA ORTIZ, Andrés Felipe; AGUDELO, Carlos  and  VILLALOBOS, Dulce María. Manifestations of Alveolar Proteinosis: Case Description and Literature Review. Rev. Med [online]. 2022, vol.30, n.2, pp.91-97.  Epub Nov 10, 2023. ISSN 0121-5256.  https://doi.org/10.18359/rmed.5306.

Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease that affects the lung interstitium diffusely, leading to the accumulation of pulmonary surfactant and alveolar obstruction, which can result in respiratory failure. Here, we present the case of a 32-year-old male patient from Bogotá, Colombia, who was admitted due to progressive functional class deterioration requiring supplemental oxygen. Physical examination findings at admission included bibasilar fine crackles and acropachy. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a “crazy-paving pattern." Bronchoscopic examination with bronchoalveolar lavage cytology showed abundant proteinaceous material accompanied by macrophages stained positive for Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) and positive anti-GM-CSF antibodies. A diagnosis of alveolar proteinosis was made, followed by whole lung lavage. The patient showed improvement in oxygenation and was subsequently discharged. Due to the scarcity of studies on pap in Colombia, we decided to present this case and review the existing literature.

Keywords : bronchoalveolar lavage; pulmonary alveolar proteinosis; dyspnea; literature review; spirometry.

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