dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcae.2014.02.008

Questions and Answers

Preguntas y respuestas

Fernando Raffan Sanabria^a,b,*

^a Anesthesiologist and Intensivist, University Hospital Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia
^b Professor, Universidad el Bosque and Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia

Please cite this article as: Sanabria FR. Preguntas y respuestas. Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 2014;42:136–137.

Correspondence to: Calle 119 # 7 – 75, Bogotá, Colombia. E-mail address: raffanmago@gmail.com

This section includes questions prepared on the basis of the contents of the articles published in volume 42, number 1 of the Colombian Journal of Anesthesiology. Accept the challenge to test your reading comprehension and knowledge.

1. The reported incidence of postoperative laryngopharyngeal symptoms following general anesthesia is between 5 and 70% of the patients. Which of the following distractors is not associated with an increased occurrence thereof?

1. Use of succinylcholine
2. Male gender
3. Higher incidence with endotracheal tube versus laryngeal mask
4. The presence of blood in the airway device during its removal

2. The effectiveness of caruncular single peribulbar puncture technique in eye surgery after 10 min is approximately:

1. 90%
2. 80%
3. 70%
4. 60%

3. Phantom limb pain:

1. Is less frequent in elderly versus pediatric patients
2. Does not depend on the level of amputation
3. Is gender-dependent
4. Is neuropathic in origin

4. The following peripheral factors are related with the occurrence of phantom limb pain, except for:

1. Sympathetic activation
2. Neuroplasticity
3. Selective loss of C-fibers
4. Development of non-functional connections

5. The systemic local anesthetic toxicity following an inadvertent injection may be life threatening. Thus, a test dose is mandatory for preventing such event. The recommended drug is:

1. Lidocaine 2% with epinephrine
2. 100 mcg of fentanyl
3. 15 mg of 0.5% bupivacaine
4. 15 mg lidocaine 0.5% plus 25 mg epinephrine

6. Super morbid obesity is a patient with a BMI greater than:

1. 50 k/m²
2. 60 k/m²
3. 65 k/m²
4. 70 k/m²

7. Which of the following risk factors increase postoperative morbidity/mortality in the obese patient:

1. Female gender
2. Over 65 years old
3. BMI above 40
4. Asthma

8. In trauma and cardiovascular surgery, lactate and base deficit are both biomarkers that should be quantified very early on and in a serial mode, since they are both independent predictors of mortality within the first 48 h. Which of the following statements is false:

1. In the presence of mitochondrial oxygen, 36 ATPs are produced per glucose molecule during oxidative phosphorylation
2. Excess pyruvate converts into lactate via the lactic dehydrogenase enzyme that produces 2 ATP molecules
3. 2 categories of lactic acidosis are currently described: type A in the absence of tissue hypoxia and type B when lactic acidosis occurs with tissue hypoxia
4. Salicylate poisoning may result in lactic acidosis type B

9. All of the following are true with regard to lactate and base deficit measurements, except for:

1. The initial lactate value and its early clearance up to 9 h are independent early (less than 48 h) mortality factors
2. Lactate clearance enables the evaluation of the resuscitation process and quantification of the primary lesion
3. Regardless of the systolic pressure number, lactate levels of young patients admitted to the emergency room following blunt of penetrating trauma arepredictive of the risk of receiving more than 6 red blood cell units in the first 24 h
4. Base deficit and lactate are correlated in hemorrhagic shock. The former is a sound indicator of the actual effective circulating volume deficit

10. Which of the following factors is not a predictor for difficult airway of the obese patient

1. Neck circumference (>40 cm)
2. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
3. Cervical mobility
4. Bite test

REFERENCE

Answers

1.b
2.a
3.d
4.b
5.b
6.b
7.d
8.c
9.c
10.a