Abstract

ESCOBAR CORDOBA, Franklin; POLANIA-DUSSAN, Irina Goretty  and  TORO-HERRERA, Sandra Milena. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome treatment. Salud, Barranquilla [online]. 2011, vol.27, n.2, pp.247-258. ISSN 0120-5552.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a serious complication of the treatment with psychopharmaceutical drugs . The main characteristic is hyperthermia along with muscle hypertonia, fluctuating consciousness and autonomic instability. To identify the right treatment for patients with neuroleptic malignant syndrome, taking into consideration the severity of the symptoms. Also, the adequate risk evaluation and different treatment benefits. A search was made in PubMed using the MESH keywords: neuroleptic malignant syndrome, treatment and therapy. The limits that were used are: controlled clinical trials, meta-analysis, practice guidelines, reviews, adult population and languages: English, French and German. Twenty five articles were found and analyzed. Each article is supported on the early clinical suspicion and the medication suspension, besides hydration, hemodynamic support, correcting the acid-base disbalance and hypoxemia. The administration of dopamine agonists, along with dantrolene and benzodiazepines can be highly useful in some cases. Treatment should be chosen in an individualized mode. Treatment should be chosen empirically, based on disease severity. For mild cases, hydric and metabolic support can be enough. For severe cases, pharmacological agents, electroconvulsive therapy and intensive care unit monitoring must be used.

Keywords : Antipsychotic agents; benzodiazepines; adverse effects; chemotherapy; neuroleptic malignant syndrome; therapy.

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