Abstract

BIALAKOWSKY, Alejandro; ALVAREZ RUIZ, Fermín  and  BLANCO, Ana Belén. Marx and Sarmiento Simultaneously. Emerging Reclassifying Tensions in The Class Struggles in France, The 18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte and Facundo, or Civilization and Barbarism. Estud. Polit. [online]. 2023, n.67, pp.159-186.  Epub Oct 09, 2023. ISSN 0121-5167.  https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.espo.n67a07.

The deeply dissimilar works of Marx and Sarmiento both postulate two fundamental divisions, which would subsume and explain their other categorizations: “bourgeoisie/proletariat” (Marx) and “civilization/barbarism” (Sarmiento). From a simultaneous approach, this article analyzes how these divisions have been reclassified in a theoretical-analytical way by this two perspectives within the framework of certain historical-political studies: Class struggles in France (1848-1850) and The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (Marx); and Facundo: Civilization and Barbarism (Sarmiento). Thus, key reclassificatory tensions are deployed. Regarding Marx, the “bourgeoisie/proletariat” scheme is stressed from the standpoint of the “class fractions” and the “protoclasses”, which would facilitate and sustain the leadership of the masses by Bonaparte. In Sarmiento, his historical-political analysis reveals the intertwining between elements of supposed “civilization” and “barbarism”, which finds its maximum expression in the figure of Rosas and in the ambiguities about “the Spanish” pointed out by the author. Based on such tensions, an emerging hypothesis for future research is outlined: the theoretical-analytical reclassification exercises of Marx and Samiento have been fundamental for its critical reelaboration by Argentinean sociology, especially between 1960 and 1980.

Keywords : Sociological Theory; Historical-Political Analysis; Marx, Karl; Sarmiento, Domingo Faustino; Simultaneous Approach; Reclassifications.

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