Introduction:

The current definition of osteoporosis is based on the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which represents the main technique for the quantification of bone mineral density (BMD) and the evaluation of fracture risk. The objective of this study was to determine the BMD in the lumbar spine and femoral neck of healthy adults from a bone metabolism point of view in a population of Bogotá-Colombia.

Method:

An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted based on a questionnaire completed by the study population. The densitometric measurements were carried out using a high-performance compact equipment of the General Electric, iDXA model, by the same technologist at the skeletal sites of interest, lumbar spine L1, L2, L3, L4 and L1-4 in anteroposterior projection, and in femoral neck. The sample size calculation was performed taking into account stratification by gender and 2 age groups: 20 to 29 years, and 30 to 39 years. A total of 805 individuals were surveyed, and 432 bone densitometries were performed.

Results:

The values found in the lumbar spine for each of the groups in our population were: 1.150 g/cm2 (SD: 0.11), 1.180 g/cm2 (SD: 0.10), for women and men aged 20 to 29 years, and 1.169 g/cm2 (SD: 0.10), 1.209 g/cm2 (SD: 0.10) for women and men aged 30 to 39, respectively. At the level of the femoral neck, 0.991 g/cm2 (SD: 0.10), 1.119 g/cm2 (SD: 0.13), for women and men aged 20 to 29 years, respectively, and 0.970 g/cm2 (SD: 0.11), 1.079 g/cm2 (SD: 0.13) for women and men aged 30 to 39, respectively.

Conclusion:

This study was able to demonstrate the behaviour of BMD in our population, which is lower than that detected in other latitudes and those used as reference values in our equipment. Additionally, the maximum bone mass value was determined in each of the locations of interest for the age ranges of the population in our study.

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