Abstract

IBARRA-CANTUN, Diego et al. Total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of solid-state fermentation of apple bagasse (Malus domestica Borkh., var. panochera). Cienc. Tecnol. Agropecuaria [online]. 2022, vol.23, n.2, e2103.  Epub Apr 31, 2022. ISSN 0122-8706.  https://doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol23_num2_art:2103.

Agro-industry generates significant amounts of lignocellulosic waste. These residues are used as a substrate in the production of Pleurotus fungi, which produces secondary metabolites through solid-state fermentation (SSF). The aim of this project was to determine the amount of total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of methanol extract of the solid fermentation of the apple residue with the Pleurotus ostreatus strain during 28 days. Solid fermentation was carried out in 45 mL bioreactors with apple residue. Then, methanol extracts were performed on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Subsequently, the content of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were evaluated by two different methods: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and 2,2′-azino-bis-3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+). The 45 samples were analyzed through an analysis of variance and Tukey’s test means. Results showed the biosynthesis of the total phenolic compounds from the 21st day of the SSF, giving a concentration of 0.39 ± 0.07 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g of substrate of dry weight (mg GAE/g substrate dw). The antioxidant activity in both methods was also manifested on 21st day with 342.10 ± 1.08 mg/mL concentrations for DPPH and 323.02 mg/mL in ABTS. In consequence, the phenolic compounds extracted from the SSF of the apple residue with the P. ostreatus strain can be an alternative for recovery of a derivative considered as a waste.

Keywords : agro-industry; lignocellulosic waste; phytochemicals; Pleurotus ostreatus; proximate analysis.

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