Abstract

CASTRO ANIYAR, Daniel  and  GARCIA BRIONES, Michelle. Why did homicides and robberies decrease in Ecuador from 2009 to 2017? Situational theory, proximity and the police model. Rev. Crim. [online]. 2023, vol.65, n.1, pp.87-102.  Epub June 09, 2023. ISSN 1794-3108.  https://doi.org/10.47741/17943108.403.

In Ecuador, most robbery crimes decreased steadily between 2009 and 2015. The homicide rate increased from 1999 to 2009, but decreased by 65% between 2010 (18.74) and 2017 (5.78). It was the only case in the Americas at that time. This article proposes to understand this phenomenon from the notion of proximity and situation. Methodologically, criminal policies are studied through the before/after policing system. To do so, we used the effect of the police model in a Euclidean radius around peace productivity in deconcentrated police headquarters, contrasting control groups and identifying the role of policies that included approaches to the criminal situation in micro-territories. It was concluded that police proximity and situational strategies are visibly related to crime reduction. For homicides the analysis is also confirmed, although other factors not studied could be involved.

Keywords : Policing; environmental influences; police system; social prophylaxis; crime reduction; crime situation.

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