Abstract

LALLES, Jean-Paul  and  SUESCUN, Jaime Parra. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase: an enzyme with anti-inflammatory properties. Ces. Med. Vet. Zootec. [online]. 2014, vol.9, n.1, pp.94-103. ISSN 1900-9607.

Abstract One of the main functions of Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase (FAI) is to detoxify bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to control intestinal inflammation. Recent data indicate that FAI participates in the detoxification of other bacterial compounds (flagellin and DNA CpG motifs) and many free nucleotides (ATP, UDP). FAI is directly involved in the resolution of tissue inflammation mediated by Resolvin E1. The anti-inflammatory action of FAI indirectly improves the intestinal barrier function and affects the diversity of microbiota. Various intestinal diseases, including necrotizing enterocolitis, celiac disease and chronic intestinal inflammation (inflammatory bowel disease) are related to a decrease in the expression and activity of FAI. Furthermore, a high FAI activity in the colon is related with inflammatory processes due to high concentration of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase isoform (FANE) and tissue infiltration by neutrophils, which also contain FANE. Exogenous administration of FAI reduces intestinal and/or systemic inflammation (depending on the route of administration). In conclusion, intestinal homeostasis and health largely depend on the capacity of FAI to detoxify LPS and remove LPS-induced metabolic inflammation. However, how our diets can actually limit gut pools of pro-inflammatory bacterial compounds and maximize IAP activity needs more in-depth investigations

Keywords : Intestinal health; inflammation; LPS; microbiota.

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