Abstract

DAZA, MARTHA CONSTANZA; DIAZ, JEFFERSON; AGUIRRE, ESTEBAN  and  URRUTIA, NORBERTO. Effect of slow-release fertilizers on nitrate leaching and nitrogen nutrition in stevia. rev.colomb.cienc.hortic. [online]. 2015, vol.9, n.1, pp.112-123. ISSN 2011-2173.  https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2015v9i1.3750.

Nitrogen fertilization must consider agronomic and environmental visions, such as yield and low contamination, in order to contribute to the sustainability of agricultural production systems; slow-release fertilizers (SRF) integrate both visions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of SRF for nitrate leaching and the agronomic characteristics of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). An experiment with a completely randomized design was conducted with three replications, using drainage lysimeters, wherein two chemical synthesis fertilizers were evaluated: calcium nitrate and ammonium sulfate in three doses (100, 150 and 200 kg ha^-1 N) and three slow-release fertilizers: urea with urease enzyme inhibitors in three doses (100, 150 and 200 kg ha^-1 N) and two organic fertilizers (vermicompost and chicken manure) in three doses (200, 250 and 300 kg ha^-1 N). Foliar N, N leaching and soil N were evaluated at 45 and 90 days after transplantation. The height, stem diameter, dry mass and yield of the plants were also assessed and the N use efficiency ratios were determined. Significant differences were found in the foliar N and N leaching, where the organic fertilizers obtained the highest concentrations of foliar N and the lowest volume of leached N; No significant differences were found in the agronomic characteristics and N use efficiencies below 50% were seen, where the chemically synthesized fertilizers were more efficient (40%) and provided N to the plants in a more timely manner.

Keywords : efficiency; slow-release urea; vermicompost; chicken manure.

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