Abstract

VERGARA, Édgar; ALVIS, Nelson  and  SUAREZ, Amileth. Is it clinically worthwhile to evaluate the state of the KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PTEN, and HER2 genes in patients with colorectal cancer?. rev. colomb. cir. [online]. 2017, vol.32, n.1, pp.45-55. ISSN 2011-7582.  https://doi.org/10.30944/20117582.7.

Therapies guided by the molecular profile of the tumor have emerged in the last decade, with clinical benefit for patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. This molecular stratification allows patients to be grouped or individualized for optimal treatment of their disease. Based on relevant and up-to-date information, a mini-review of genes and biomolecules of epidermal growth factor receptor intracellular signaling pathways involved in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer is presented. In addition, we intend to identify evidence supporting the benefit of using biomarkers in clinical scenarios of colorectal cancer as prognostic or predictive factors for biological therapies. It is concluded that there is scientific evidence and also acceptance by international associations of clinical oncology to use the evaluation of the state of the KRAS and BRAF genes in clinical scenarios because of its predictive value in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, while for the NRAS, PIK3CA, PETEN and HER2 genes the consensus of experts from Europe and the United States of America to recommend the routine evaluation of these predictive biomarkers in advanced colorectal cancer has not yet been unanimous.

Keywords : Colonic neoplasms; early detection of cancer; neoplasm staging; biomarkers; tumor; genetic markers.

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