Abstract

PALMIERI, Alfonso et al. Gynecomastia: Medical and surgical considerations in general surgery. rev. colomb. cir. [online]. 2021, vol.36, n.3, pp.499-513.  Epub July 17, 2021. ISSN 2011-7582.  https://doi.org/10.30944/20117582.750.

Gynecomastia, defined as the growth of breast glandular tissue in men, appears from the neonatal to senile stage, can be unilateral or bilateral, and is of multifactorial cause, including those patients associated with the use of medications, where an imbalance in the testosterone - estrogen ratio. Relatively, idiopathic is the most common. Most regress spontaneously, neonatals due to loss of transplacental influx in the first weeks, and pubertal ones between 12 to 24 months. It presents as an increase in breast size, asymptomatic or with hypersensitivity due to inflammation during the growth of the mammary fibroglandular tissue, with an enormous psychological repercussion, especially in adolescence. The study and management is interdisciplinary and offered according to conditions and etiology. Those pubertal patients in whom it does not regress receive medical treatments, or surgical treatments when therapy fails or there is social pressure, and even radiotherapy in cases where they develop gynecomastia with hypersensitivity to hormonal treatment of prostate cancer.

Keywords : gynecomastia; general surgery; pediatric surgery; mastectomy, subcutaneous; mastectomy, simple; tamoxifen.

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