Abstract

TRUJILLO, William  and  RAMOS, Laura. Composition and floristic structure in Andean and Piedmont Forests of the Colombian Orinoquia. Biota colombiana [online]. 2024, vol.25, e1132.  Epub Sep 20, 2024. ISSN 0124-5376.  https://doi.org/10.21068/2539200x.1132.

Although information on the composition and floristic structure of forests is fundamental for proposing conservation actions, the sub-Andean and piedmont forests of the Orinoquia have been little studied in this regard. This research characterized the floristic structure and composition of the riparian and terra firme forests of the piedmont (250-500 m altitude) and the Andes (1400-2000 m altitude) of Casanare and Arauca in nineteen plots of 0.1 ha. A total of 4886 individuals of 475 species, 204 genera and 74 families were censused. The most abundant species were: Socratea exorrhiza, Rudgea crassiloba, Oenocarpus minor and Siparuna guianensis. The estimated richness calculation yielded a result of 52-69 % of the expected species in the sample of the studied forests. The sub-Andean forests in Casanare recorded the highest evenness (Shannon index) and richness (S), and a terra firme forest in the piedmont of Casanare recorded the highest dominance (Simpson's index). The dominant family in piedmont forests was Fabaceae, while in sub-Andean forests it was Lauraceae. This article presents new records for the flora of Casanare and expands the knowledge of the plant formations in the Andes and the piedmont of the Orinoquia in Colombia.

Keywords : terra firme forest; riparian forest; sub-Andean forest; floristic diversity; floristic richness.

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