Resumen

PARDO, Enrique; CAVADIA, Teodora I  y  MELENDEZ, Iván. Genetic diversity of domestic pigs in Tierralta (Colombia) using microsatellites. Rev Colom Cienc Pecua [online]. 2015, vol.28, n.3, pp.272-278. ISSN 0120-0690.  https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.v28n3a8.

Background: according to several authors, domestic pigs come from different wild boar populations with varied geographic distribution and are grouped in the genus Sus. Pig domestication occurred gradually. The first animals were small and gathered in small numbers. Several civilizations domesticated this animal as an important source of protein. Tierralta, in Córdoba province, has a large population of domestic pigs, which are a mixture of creole and other breeds. The genetic characterization of populations is used to check the status of genetic diversity, a conclusive element in determining breeding strategies and genetic conservation programs. PCR is the most commonly used technique for studying highly polymorphic markers, such as microsatellites or SSRs. The use of microsatellites is a powerful tool in genetic studies. They have been used for characterization studies of genetic diversity, genetic relationships between populations, paternity testing, inbreeding and genetic bottlenecks. Objective: the purpose of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of domestic pigs in Tierralta (Córdoba, Colombia) using 20 microsatellites. Methods: fifty four samples were studied. Twenty microsatellites recommended by the FAO/ISAG for swine biodiversity studies were used. Results: all the microsatellites were polymorphic, and were detected between 3 (SW911) and 14 (TNFB) alleles (the average number was 6.9 alleles) and a total of 138 alleles were detected. Average expected heterozygosity was 0.5259 and the observed heterozygosity was 0.5120. PIC values ranged from 0.3212 to 0.7980 for loci SW2410 and IFNG, respectively. Conclusions: the results suggest that the analyzed population represents a group with high genetic diversity.

Palabras clave : genetic variation; Hardy-Weinberg; probability of exclusion; Sus scrofa domestica.

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