Resumen

PENAS FELIZZOLA, Olga Luz. Conceptual referents to the understanding of disability. rev.fac.med. [online]. 2013, vol.61, n.2, pp.150-155. ISSN 0120-0011.

This paper focuses on explaining the main conceptual references that have been built around the disability, as outlined in the national and international literature on this specialized topic. For each of the five models of charity, medical, social, relational and universalizing, describes its main characteristics, constraints and responses to disability management. Also shown is a general statistical overview of disability in the world and realize the implications of adopting one or another conceptual position. Among the highlights of the analysis of the conceptual models are: each currently coexist, since the emergence of one does not involve the removal of the above, but its reconceptualization, most of them states that the health conditions of the individual can result in disabling situations; disability definitions of relational foundations are based on sociological and political theories, while those focusing on the individual, usually result from medical categorizations, all models mentioned social context as a condition of disability, but turns out to be the most poorly specified aspect, although there are now more acceptance to the importance of the environment, there is no agreement against its specific role as a determinant of disability, each one approach emphasizes a particular dimension of disability and therefore cannot be implemented as exclusive categories.

Palabras clave : Disabled persons; International Classification of Functioning; Disability and Health; disability evaluation.

        · resumen en Español     · texto en Español     · Español ( pdf )