Resumen

AGUIRRE-FLOREZ, Diana Carolina et al. Suicide risk and associated factors in adolescents of three schools of Manizales city (Colombia), 2013. rev.fac.med. [online]. 2015, vol.63, n.3, pp.419-429. ISSN 0120-0011.  https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v63n3.44205.

Background. Suicide is among the five leading causes of death in adolescents between 15 and 19 years old worldwide. It has become a public health problem in today's society and in Colombia. Objective. This research aims to determine the suicide risk factor according to Plutchik scale and its associated factors in students from eighth to eleventh grade of high school in three schools of Manizales, Colombia. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study with a population of 322 students in stratums II and III from three schools of Manizales city who were in eighth-eleventh grades of high school. Plutchik questionnaire was applied to determine suicide risk and other questionnaires were applied for associated factors. Results. 16.5% of the students manifested suicidal risk according to Plutchik scale. Bullying showed and intensity index between high and very high of 58.1%; 38.5% of the population studied has a good family functioning; 18% presented depression; low self-esteem was observed in 19.6%; 11.8% evidenced alcohol dependence; 23.3% showed eating disorders, and the use of psychoactive substances and cigarette was 31.4% and 13.4%, respectively. The following associated factors showed a meaningful connection with suicidal risk: family functionality (p=0.000), depression (p=0.000), alcohol dependence (p=0.001), self-esteem (p=0.000), eating disorders (p=0.000), bullying (p=0.000), cigarette smoking (p=0.000) and psychoactive substance use (p=0.001). Conclusions. The study showed a level of suicidal risk according to Plutchik superior to that of other similar populations. The most outstanding associated factors were depression and family dysfunction. An important finding was that bullying greatly increases suicide risk. No significant relationship between suicide risk and social stratum was found.

Palabras clave : Risk factors; Students; Suicide; Bullying; Depression.

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