Resumen

ZARATE, Eduardo et al. La metoclopramida no disminuye la incidencia de náusea y vómito postoperatorios cuando se asocia a dexametasona en pacientes ambulatorios llevados a procedimientos otorrinolaringológicos. Rev. colomb. anestesiol. [online]. 2009, vol.37, n.1, pp.13-20. ISSN 0120-3347.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prophylactic antiemetic effects of the combination dexamethasone - metoclopramide in patients undergoing ear-nose-throat procedures. Materials and methods: In this placebo-controlled, double-blind study, 208 outpatients under standardized anesthetic were randomized to receive dexamethasone 8 mg before anesthesia induction and metoclopramide, 10 mg at the end of surgery (Group A), dexamethasone 8 mg before anesthesia induction and placebo at the end of surgery (Group B), placebo before anesthesia induction and metoclopramide, 10 mg at the end of surgery (Group C) or placebo before anesthesia induction and at the end of surgery (Group D). Complete response to prophylactic antiemetic medication was defined as no vomiting no sustained moderate nausea and no requesting of antiemetic drug. Results: During predischarge period, the number of patients with complete response to prophylactic antiemetic medication was significantly higher in groups B (90.4%) and A (86.5%) in comparison with groups D (55.8%) and C (75%). At the 24 h follow-up evaluation, complete response was higher in group A (96.2%) in comparison with groups C (67.3%) and D (78.8%). Conclusions: combination dexamethasone-metoclopramide is not more effective than administration of dexamethasone alone in the posoperative profylaxis of nausea and vomiting.

Palabras clave : Dexamethasone; Metoclopramide; Nausea; Vomiting; PONV.

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