Questions and answers^*

Preguntas y respuestas

Fernando Raffán-Sanabria (MD)^a,b

^a Intensiuist Anesthesiologist, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
^b Universidad el Bosque and Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia

1. Natural sleep is controlled by a large pacemaker in which of the following nuclei?

   1. Preoptic
   2. Supraoptic
   3. Paraventricular
   4. Suprachiasmatic

2. In Guerrero-Bermudez et al.'s single-blind, randomized trial comparing midazolam (M) to fentanyl-midazolam (FM) to ketamine-midazolam (KM) in patients undergoing subarachnoic anesthesia, they found:

   1. A statistically significant reducation in the withdrawal reflex after a needle prick in the KM group compared to the other two groups
   2. A greater incidence of complications in group M
   3. A greater level of satisfaction in group KM than in group FM
   4. There was no statistically significant difference between the three groups in terms of the degree of sedation 5 minutes after the guidelines were applied.

3. What would be estimated loss in blood patient for a female patient with a previous normal pregnancy, a weight of 66 kilograms, a postpartum hemorrhage, and who clinically is agitated, pale and cool, with a heart rate of 98 bpm and a systolic arterial pressure of 88 mm/Hg?

   1. 850 c.c.
   2. 1400 c.c.
   3. 1800 c.c.
   4. 2400 c.c.

4. Procoagulant activity increases significantly at the end of pregnancy; of the following coagulation factors, which is the least affected?

   1. Von Willebrand factor
   2. Fibrinogen factor
   3. Factor VIII
   4. Factor XII

5. The initial level of serum fibrinogen in postpartum hemorrhaging is a predictor of the severity and complications. What is the most widelyrecognized cut-offpoint value?

   1. Less than 350 mg/dl
   2. Less than 300 mg/dl
   3. Less than 200 mg/dl
   4. Less than 100 mg/dl

6. What percentage of patients presenting for cardiorespi-ratory arrest in a hospital - according to statistics from developed countries - leave the hospital alive, without taking the neurological state or quality of life into account?

   1. Between 6.5% and 24%
   2. Between 32% and 45%
   3. Between 50% and 65%
   4. 68% and 72%

7. Of the following factors, which is (are) not (an) independent predictors of death in the first 24 hours after cardiac arrest?

   1. Being male
   2. Pulseless electrical activity
   3. Asystole
   4. Being female

8. All of the following factors are considered to be of risk in the etiology of spontaneous pneumothorax in laparoscopic surgery, except:

   1. Age
   2. Surgical time greater than 200 minutes
   3. ET CO₂ > 50 mm/Hg
   4. Sex

9. The incidence of failed intubation, understood as the impossibility of inserting an endotracheal tube, for the general population is approximately:

   1. 0.3%
   2. 0.15%
   3. 0.05%
   4. 0.01%

10. Which of the following variables best evaluates lung overdistension?

    1. PEEP
    2. Transpulmonary pressure
    3. Tidal volume
    4. Inspiratory time

Answers

1. d
2. d
3. b
4. d
5. c
6. a
7. a
8. d
9. c
10. b

References

Raffan F. Preguntas y respuestas. Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 2015;43(2):122-170.         [ Links ]