Resumen

CASTILLO GUERRA, David Arturo; VITERI FLOREZ, Paola Andrea  y  VITERI ROSERO, Silvio Edgar. DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF AN INOCULUM OF CELLULOLYTIC FUNGI. rev.udcaactual.divulg.cient. [online]. 2015, vol.18, n.1, pp.217-226. ISSN 0123-4226.

The indiscriminate disposal of urban solid waste continues generating environmental problems in various countries. The objective of this research was to develop a fungal cellulolytic inoculum and evaluate its effectiveness in the composting of organic solid residues. The study included soil samples from native forests and cereal producing farms and of compost piles. From each sample a serial dilution until 10^-4 was prepared. From each dilution test tubes containing liquid mineral medium and a strip of filter paper were inoculated. From the filter paper strips which showed zones of degradation the microorganisms were streaked, first on potato dextrose agar medium and then on mineral agar medium, supplemented with cellulose as a source of C. The isolates obtained were evaluated for their cellulolytic capacity and those which showed greater capacity were tested for their compatibility for growth. Of the total of 39 isolates, 32 were identified as Penicillium sp., 3 as Trichoderma sp., 1 as Mucor sp., 1 as Chaetomium sp., 1 as Verticillium sp., and 1 as Trichurus sp. The isolates differed in their cellulolytic capacity, 10 did not show a halo of hydrolysis and in the other 29 the amplitude of the halo varied between 0,1 and 0,7cm. Based on the cellulolytic capacity and compatibility the inoculum was generated with the isolates 21 (Trichoderma sp.) and 62 and 66 (Penicillium sp.). The inoculation with the selected cellulolytic fungal isolates or with the EM® and Agroplux® microorganisms did not produce effects significantly different to those which are naturally produced by the native microorganisms in the composting process.

Palabras clave : Cellulose; cellulose; biodegradation; composting; Congo red.

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