Resumen

VELASQUEZ URIBE, Gloria et al. Histoplasmosis in AIDS patients: A cohort study in Medellín, Colombia. Infect. [online]. 2010, vol.14, suppl.2, pp.s99-s106. ISSN 0123-9392.

Introduction: histoplasmosis is an endemic mycosis in Colombia and a relatively common complication in HIV patients. The aim of this study was to identify clinical and epidemiological characteristics and mortality risk factors in patients infected with histoplasmosis and HIV. Materials and methods: a retrospective cohort study was carried out at Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl in Medellín with 1177 HIVpositive patients. Patients with histoplasmosis were confirmed by isolation of Histoplasma capsulatum from culture or by identification of intracellular yeasts through microscopy. Data collected from patients included demographic and clinical variables, laboratory values, treatment, and survival. Results: histoplasmosis affected 44/709 patients with AIDS (6.2%). Out of those, 95.4% had fever, 54.5% disseminated illness, and 61.3% pulmonary disease. Culture was positive in 89.3%, and histopathology in 93.3%. Concomitant tuberculosis and Pneumocystis jirovecii infection were diagnosed in 15.9% and 11.4%, respectively. General mortality was 22.7%. Mortality was higher in patients with disseminated forms (all 10 deaths occurred in this fashion), dyspnea (RR 13; 95% CI 1.8-93.8), hypotension (RR 4.5; 95% CI 1.6-13.1), lactate dehydrogenase >2 times the upper limit of the normal range (RR 5.2; 95% CI 1.2-22.5), and it was lower among patients treated with amphotericine B (RR 0.3; 95% CI 0.1-0.8). Discusion: histoplasmosis is frequent in AIDS patients in the region. As the diagnosis yield of routine techniques to identify H. capsulatum is high, they must be required in any compatible setting. Many patients with AIDS-histoplasmosis co-infection acquire other opportunistic infections. Patients with disseminated forms, dyspnea, hypotension, and high levels of DHL have a higher mortality risk. Exposure to amphotericine B is associated with longer survival.

Palabras clave : HIV; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Histoplasmosis; Diagnosis; Epidemiology; Mortality.

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