Resumen

RUIZ-ERAZO, XIMENA et al. GENETIC COMPARISON FROM THREE SOURCES OF COCOA Theobroma cacao L. USING MICROSATELLITES MARKERS. Rev.Bio.Agro [online]. 2015, vol.13, n.1, pp.10-18. ISSN 1692-3561.

Cocoa Theobroma cacao L. native populations are valued in international markets because their organoleptic characteristics typical of the high quality cocoas. Never the less, this quality is threatened by more productive hybrids, coming from foreign genetic material which has been replacing gradually the native populations. The genetic diversity and structure of 165 cocoa lines from Tumaco region and the germplasm banks of the Corpoica and Fedecacao institutions, was assessed through twelve loci analysis located by microsatellites markers. Resulting data were processed by the Arlequin ver. 3.5 and TFPGA ver. 1.3 software. Markers were highly discriminating, informative and representative for the species. The average of expected (He) and observed (Ho) heterozygosity were 0,73 and 0,72 respectively, indicating high genetic variability and high rate of heterocygotes in the analyzed populations. The fixation index value FST= 0,0355 indicates minimum levels of genetic differentiation among the populations, and the average Nm= 6,80 indicates a highly exchange of genes existence. The hierarchical cluster analysis using UPGMA grouping allowed confirming the existing genetic similarity among populations.

Palabras clave : Genetic diversity; Molecular markers; Germplasm.

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