Resumen

RODRIGUEZ, Ernesto. Políticas y estrategias de inserción laboral y empresarial de jóvenes en América Latina: el desafío de la empleabilidad. Rev.latinoam.cienc.soc.niñez juv [online]. 2004, vol.2, n.1, pp.75-126. ISSN 1692-715X.

This paper, supported on ample theoretical and practical evidences and a careful evaluation of past experiences, highlights six aspects of substantial incidence on the topic: (i) Youth reality is composed of a wide spectrum of specific situations that must be centrally taken into account in project or program design. (ii) Youth unemployment is typically structural and very hard to revert unless its determining structural causes are directly addressed. (iii) The two main specific problems to be confronted are the lack of training and the lack of experience. (iv) The main options to consider in program design seem to be related to focalization, strategies and methodologies, expected coverage, and use of available resources. (v) These initiatives agree with the present historical conjuncture, marked by the opportunity of a "demographic bonus", the challenge of constructing the Knowledge Society and the possibility of structural State reforms, all of which support the pertinence of investing more and better on youths. (vi) The main challenges can be placed in four central planes: to assume youth transition as a fundamental game rule; to incorporate new information and communication technologies; to articulate more and better youth culture with school culture, and to foster youth enterprises and similar initiatives with renewed and pertinent perspectives.

Palabras clave : Youth; Labor Market; Labor Training; Employability; Entrepreneurship; Latin-America.

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