Resumen

POLO RODRIGUEZ, Laura; FONTALVO GOMEZ, Miriam  y  MENDOZA MEZA, Dary Luz. Biodiesel production by enzymatic transesterification of oil extracted from food industrial waste. Prospect. [online]. 2018, vol.16, n.1, pp.26-33. ISSN 1692-8261.  https://doi.org/10.15665/rp.v16i1.1164.

In this research, biodiesel was produced by enzymatic transesterification of the oil extracted from the corozo Bactris minor residues and the lipase Candida antarctica as a catalyst. The percentage of optimum oil yield was 40%, obtained by extraction with Soxhlet Method. The physicochemical characterization of oil based on colombian technical standards produced the following results: refractive index 1.40; acid value 0.09%; iodine number 29.80±0.44 g I2/100 g oil; saponification value 127.66 ±0.77 mg KOH/g oil; density 0.9143 g/mL and moisture content 0.27±0.03%. The fatty acid profile was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, obtaining as a majority acid, the lauric acid (C12:0), with a percentage of 65% by weight. The transformation of the corozo oil into the methyl esters (biodiesel) was confirmed qualitatively by thin layer chromatography, and quantitatively by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry an optimum conversion rate of 62% was obtained. In this way, an alternative of use is presented for waste from the Bactris minor industry of the region, generating products with high added value and reducing the level of negative impact of the waste on the environment.

Palabras clave : Bactris minor; Extraction; Transesterification; Lipases; Biodiesel; Candida antarctica.

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