Objective:

Determine the presence of resistance genes in bacterial strains associated with infections in a second-level IPS in Duitama City, Department of Boyacá.

Materials and methods:

An observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. Subsequently, the identification and phenotype of the resistance was confirmed according to the CLSI guide M100-S23 of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Molecular analysis to identify the presence of genes for bacterial resistance was done in both gram-negative and Gram-positive strains.

Results:

The study showed a prevalence of resistance genes in 91.7 % of the samples evaluated (33/36), blaTEM was the most frequent gene being present in 33 strains (91.7 %), followed by blaCTXM1 36.1 % and blaSHV with 27.8 %. For the frequency of the genes in S. aureus, it was evidenced that 37.5% of the strains presented the blaZ gene and 32.5 % the mecA gene, results that confirm the presence of genes that encode this type of resistance and become the main mechanism responsible for infections in hospitalized patients.

Conclusion:

The bacterial genotification allowed to confirm the presence of clones with resistance type fi-lactamasas extended spectrum (ESBL) in 92 % of the Gram negative strains (E. coli and K. pneumoneae) and in 37 % of Gram positive strains (S. aureus), which is why it is necessary to maintain the surveillance of these strains in order to avoid possible outbreaks caused by these resistant microorganisms.

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