Objective:

Osteoporosis is common in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The etiology is multifactorial, involving traditional risk factors, direct effects of HIV infection and effects of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). New evidence suggests that the increased prevalence of osteoporosis in people with HIV results in an increased risk of fracture that can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken of 180 patients, which allowed us to see the low bone mass disorders in patients of the study who were receiving ARV therapy. Measurements of lumber spine and femoral neck were made using the DXA (Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry) method and for the classification, criteria of the WHO were used.

Results:

180 patients were evaluated. 76.5% were men, with an average age of 41 +-11.27 years. 72.6% were normal, 20.6% had osteopenia and 6.7% osteoporosis. The multivariate analysis showed an important significant association of Nevirapine with the decreased bone mass (ORa 0.10 IC95% 0.01 - 0.8). The combination of Tenofovir / Emtricitabine showed a higher frequency among patients with low bone mass (ORa 3,664 IC95% 1.2 - 11.0).

Conclusions:

DXA screening is necessary for patients receiving TAR, in order to make a diagnosis, give early treatment and prevent bone complications that affect the quality of life of people with HIV.

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