Resumo

VARGAS, Adriana; BORDA, Johana  e  TORRES, Robinson. Aqueous Pretreatment Effect to Improve Au, Ag, and Pt Recovery from Spent Automotive CatalystsEfeito do pré-tratamento aquoso para melhorar a recuperação de Au, Ag e Pt de catalisadores automotivos usados. Rev. Cient. [online]. 2023, n.47, pp.116-126.  Epub 21-Set-2023. ISSN 0124-2253.  https://doi.org/10.14483/23448350.20875.

Automotive catalysts represent a secondary source for precious metals recovery. These elements are usually obtained from minerals. Recently, methods have been sought to recover them from waste materials. The main route consists of pyrometallurgical treatments at high temperatures with the generation of other pollutants and very high energy consumption. With hydrometallurgy, routes can be developed which favor the aqueous extraction of said elements at room temperature. In an automotive catalyst, there are different metals which can interfere in the recovery process. In this study, sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7•H2O), nitric acid (HNO3), and hydrochloric acid (HCl) were evaluated as a hydrometallurgical pretreatment to dissolve Fe, Zn, and Pb contained in a spent automotive catalyst and to improve the subsequent extraction of the precious metals contained therein (Au, Ag, and Pt). Afterwards, the aqueous extraction of precious elements with thiourea (SC(NH2)2) was carried out, comparing the effect of the pretreatment reagents. Finally, the feasibility and effect of each pretreatment as a route for precious metals recovery were analyzed with the aim to avoid processes at high temperatures.

Palavras-chave : leaching; precious metals; spent automotive catalysts..

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