Resumo

SANCHEZ-CASTELBLANCO, Etna Milena  e  HEREDIA-MARTIN, Juan Pablo. Evaluation of organic waste from marketplaces to produce bacterial enzymes. Rev. acad. colomb. cienc. exact. fis. nat. [online]. 2022, vol.46, n.180, pp.675-684.  Epub 18-Set-2023. ISSN 0370-3908.  https://doi.org/10.18257/raccefyn.1652.

Marketplaces in urban centers generate agricultural wastes that can be used as low-cost substrates for the production of microbial enzymes. Here we evaluated the physicochemical and microbiological composition of organic waste generated in marketplaces to produce bacterial enzymes. The residues were collected in a marketplace in Bogotá and then classified into six different types from R1 to R6. Their content of humidity, nitrogen, proteins, total organic carbon, reducing sugars, fats and oils, starch, pectin, hemicellulose, lignin, and cellulose were quantified. The microbiological analysis determined the presence of proteolytic, lipolytic, amylolytic, cellulolytic, and ligninolytic bacteria. We isolated 133 morphotypes, 55 of which showed enzymatic activity, and then selected 17 ligninolytic, 14 proteolytic, 11 cellulolytic, nine lipolytic, and four amylolytic strains. The tuber residues presented the highest starch content (41.9 ± 1.18%). The corn cob leaves, legume seed pods, and vegetable residues presented a percentage of cellulose between 33.78 ± 0.91% and 35.29 ± 0.77%. Ornamental and aromatic plant residues showed higher lignin content (18.91 ± 0.50% and 26.43 ± 0.47%) and pectin was the highest in fruit residues (12.95 ± 0.30%). Agricultural residues generated in marketplaces are a source of enzyme-producing microorganisms and can be used as substrates to obtain amylases, cellulases, and ligninases due to their content of starch, cellulose, and lignin.

Palavras-chave : Marketplaces; Agricultural wastes; Microbial enzymes; Physicochemical characterization; Waste valorization.

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