Resumo

CASTANO, Faider A; RUGELES P, Clara C; BETANCUR H, César A  e  RAMIREZ-LOPEZ, Camilo J. IMPACT OF HEAT STRESS ON REPRODUCTIVE ACTIVITY IN CATTLE AND CONSIDERATIONS TO MITIGATE ITS EFFECTS ON REPRODUCTION. Biosalud [online]. 2014, vol.13, n.2, pp.84-94. ISSN 1657-9550.

Mammalian like all living organisms must cover their nutritional requirements in order to achieve both survival and evolution of their species for which reason the conditions that ensure their welfare, depend from the nutrient exploitation. The phases of development involving reproductive processes imply high nutritional requirements and high metabolic activity, which may be affected by severe weather. The heat stress has adverse effects on gametogenesis, hormonal pulses, estrus expression, the oocyte, fertilization, implantation, embryonic development and basal metabolism, even in the response to functional alteration of the neuroendocrine axis. In tropical countries is important to adopt some strategies to reduce the thermal shock in animals, to improve their productive and reproductive performance. The first option is to use animals that have evolved in similar climatic conditions and thus have reached a certain degree of adaptation. Another measure is the use of systems that offer animals less direct exposure to sunlight, either through silvopastoral systems, the use of shading coefficient, the use of direct cooling systems with water sprinklers or fans that have shown to improve conception rates. Currently the implementation of reproductive biotechnology is aiming to supply hormone-like failures with techniques such as FTAI (fixed time artificial insemination). The present review is aimed to study the effects of heat stress over cow reproductive activity in the tropics and to consider implementing some measures intended to mitigate the negative impact of climatic conditions in the tropic.

Palavras-chave : fertility; females; heat stress; hormones; reproductive biotechnology.

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