Resumo

OCAMPO, JOHN; ARIAS, JUAN CARLOS  e  URREA, RAMIRO. Collect and identification of elite genotypes of sweet granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) in Colombia. rev.colomb.cienc.hortic. [online]. 2015, vol.9, n.1, pp.9-23. ISSN 2011-2173.  https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2015v9i1.3742.

The sweet granadilla is the second-ranked species in the Passiflora genus in terms of economic importance due to its edibility and commercialization in international markets. However, there is little information on its variability, which has limited any betterment of crop development. The objective of this study was to collect and characterize passion fruit crops to establish the degree of genetic variability of this fruit for breeding purposes. Collections were made in 35 municipalities located in 11 departments of the Andean region, between 1,567 and 2,410 m a.s.l.; on each farm, the farm crop management and geographic origin of the seeds were registered. Ten fruits per crop were randomly selected (extra quality) from the outstanding plants (productivity and health) with the cooperation of the farmers. Univariate and classification (neighbor joining) analyses were used for the characterization of the fruits with 11 physicochemical variables. The results identified lonchaeid flies (Dasiops spp.) and anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) as the main phytosanitary problems in the 48 accessions collected. The fruit characterization showed a total average coefficient of variation of 11.34%, with notable results for the variables of weight of the fruit peel (14.61%) and the juice (14.41%). For the quality parameters, seven elite accessions were identified, with fruit weight >134 g, °Brix >14.4 and pulp+seed>52%. The cluster analysis established a relative intraspecific variability with slight structuring due to geographic origin among the accessions. These elite accessions are the basis for beginning a breeding process with distinct genotypes and agronomic traits of interest.

Palavras-chave : Passifloraceae; plant genetic resource; farmers; plant breeding.

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