Objective:

To determine the mechanism of antibiotic resistance and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Materials and Methods:

30 multidrug resistant isolates of K. pneumoniae were obtained from urine culture, tracheal aspirate, wound secretion, bladder catheter, blood culture, peritoneal fluid, catheter tip, abdominal collection, and bronchial secretion. K. pneumoniae isolates were collected between November 2012 and April 2013. Identification and susceptibility were determined by the VITEK 2 system. Resistance genes were identified by PCR, sequence type (ST) was established by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and clonal relationship was defined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Results:

All isolates were multidrug resistant and susceptible to colistin and tigecycline. 100% of isolates produced KPC-2 carbapenemase. This study detected Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases enconding genes. 67% of isolates were positive for blaCTX-M, 100% were positive for blaSHV, and 93% of isolates were positive for blaTEM. Analysis of the clonal relationship clustered 20 isolates in the same clonal complex. Multilocus sequence typing showed the predominant sequence type ST 258 in 60% of population. ST 1199 were present in 20% of bacterial population.

Conclusion:

Molecular epidemiology, clinical research and molecular biology studies improve understanding of mechanisms of resistance distribution among bacteria of clinical interest.

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