Objective:

To identify the presence of social inequalities in road traffic injury mortality in Argentinian jurisdictions according to their socioeconomic development level.

Methodology:

An ecological study with a jurisdictional level of aggregation was conducted for the years 2005, 2011, and 2016. Inequality between jurisdictions was estimated using the concentration index and the concentration curve. The human development index by jurisdiction and its components were separately used as a socioeconomic variable for ranking.

Results:

The concentration index showed a negative value in all three years (−0.032 in 2005, −0.094 in 2011, and −0.065 in 2016), suggesting that there is a higher concentration of road traffic injury mortality in jurisdictions with lower human development index, although the values show a decreasing trend in these social inequalities between 2011 and 2016. The income indicator is the factor that explains this concentration to the greatest extent.

Conclusion:

There are social inequalities in road traffic injury mortality in Argentinian jurisdictions according to their socioeconomic development level, which are mainly explained by the income level. Road traffic injury prevention policies should consider the socio-economic conditions of the population.

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