Abstract

Analytic study of the pregnancy outcome comparing adolescent women and women between 20 to 29 years of age in Bogotá (Colombia). Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol [online]. 2005, vol.56, n.3, pp.216-224. ISSN 0034-7434.

Objective: to evaluate the possible association of pregnancy in teenagers with an adverse outcome in relation with maternal and newborn morbidity. Design: cohort population based study. Population: nullipara women between 10 to 29 years of age, who attended from September 1, 1998 to December 31,1999 to the hospitals of the Bogotá Secretary of Health (n = 8.045). Methodology: the study was done based in the perinatal data of the Bogotá Secretary of Health. In the cohort analysis, we searched for possible associations between age and each of the studied variables through the calculation of the relative risk (RR). The relative risks and their respective confidence intervals (CI) are reported. Evaluated outcomes: mode of delivery (cesarean section or vaginal deliver y), premature rupture of fetal membranes, pre-eclampsia, birth weight, prematurity, fetal weight for gestational age, hyaline membrane disease and 5-minute Apgar score. Results: the c-section rate was less in teenagers (RR 0.85; 95%CI 0.78-0.93) as well as the risk of developing pre-eclampsia (RR 0.65; 95%CI 0.46-0.91); we found no difference between the 2 groups in relation with premature rupture of fetal membranes. We found a significant increase in newborn morbidity in the group of adolescents younger than 15 years of age, as follows: prematurity (RR 1.88; 95%CI 1.14-3.11), small for gestational age (RR 2.09; 95%CI 1.24-3.52) and low birth weight (RR 1.61; 95%CI 1.12-2.32). Conclusions: in this study we found that the adolescents between 10 to19 years of age, had less probability of c-section deliver y and less risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, in comparison with the group of women from 20 to 29 years of age. The newborns of mothers below 15 years of age had a significant increase in the risk of prematurity, low birth weight, and smallfor gestational age newborns, in comparison with newborns from mothers from 15 to 29 years of age.

Keywords : teenagers; pregnancy; pregnancy outcome; Colombia.

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