Resumen

BURBANO-LOPEZ, Roberto Mauricio et al. Frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus and risk factors in pregnant women treated at ASSBASALUD ESE clinics in Manizales (Colombia), in 2011-2012: cross-sectional study. Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol [online]. 2014, vol.65, n.4, pp.338-348. ISSN 0034-7434.  https://doi.org/10.18597/rcog.38.

Objective: To determine the frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and explore potential risk factors in pregnant women seen in primary care. Materials and methods: Analytical cross-sectional study in pregnant women seen at ASSBASALUD ESE, a private, level-one healthcare institution in Manizales (Colombia), in 2011- 2012. Patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus before pregnancy were not included. Consecutive sampling. Demographics and anthropometric variables of the neonates, route of deliver y, laboratory diagnosis of GDM and the result of the O'Sullivan test were assessed. Period prevalence is described and a comparison is made between the group presenting GDM and the group that did not, using the Chi square and t tests. Results: Overall, 1,138 women were included. The prevalence of GDM was found to be 6.3 % and the prevalence of a positive O'Sullivan test was found to be 10.7%. The highest prevalence of GDM was found among women with college education (15.2%), between the ages of 40-50 (21.4%), with two or more pregnancies (7.6 %). Of the patients in the study who were overweight, 8.3% developed GDM. Babies born to mothers with GDM had a mean weight at birth of 3,263 g. Among pregnant women with excess weight gain, 6.5 % developed GDM, compared to 3.8 % in women with normal weight gain. No relationship was found between the development of GDM and non-attendance to psychoprophylactic preparation. Conclusions: The proportion of GDM in the study population was comparable to that found in other populations. No risk factors were found in the study population.

Palabras clave : Gestational diabetes; maternal age; overweight; pregnancy.

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