Resumo

VARGAS, Adriana  e  GOMEZ-RESTREPO, Carlos. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome. rev.colomb.psiquiatr. [online]. 2007, vol.36, suppl.1, pp.101-125. ISSN 0034-7450.

Introduction: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a medical emergency that is potentially fatal up to 11.6% of cases and is related to the use of agents that alter the functioning of dopaminergic systems. The estimated incidence is calculated between 0.2 to 3.23. Objective: It is characterized by rigidity, tremor, fever, consciousness impairment, dysautonomy, lucocytosis and rise in creatinphosphokinase levels. Method: Although physiopathology is unknown, the blocking of dopamine by drugs and a predisposition of skeletic muscle to deal ineffi ciently with calcium stores have both been implicated. Conclusions: Due to the severity of this pathology, diagnosis must be done early and include in treatment plan general support measures and symptomatic pharmacological treatment. The treatment must be oriented towards prevention of common complications like aspiration, infections, wounds and neuropsychiatric disturbances. After the episode it is necessary to prevent the exposition to the medication that generated the problem and to detect recurrence with the exposition to new antipsychotic molecules.

Palavras-chave : Neuroleptic malignant syndrome; antipsychotic agents; dopamine; muscle; skeletal; muscle rigidity.

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