Abstract

HURTADO CLAVIJO, Carlos Mauricio  and  GUTIERREZ DE SALAZAR, Myriam. Organophosphorates: acute intoxication practical issues. rev.fac.med. [online]. 2005, vol.53, n.4, pp.244-258. ISSN 0120-0011.

Every day more organic phosphorus insecticides, are used in the entire world. Intoxications happen generally accidentally for exhibition work, or intentional as suicides. Organic phosphorus compounds, produces toxic effects, through the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for the hydrolisys of the acetylcholine, neurotransmisor producing acetic acid and colina, chemically inert products. The binding between the organic phosphorus compounds and the acetylcholine is spontaneously and irreversible, however, it can be reversible with the use of an antidote specific called oximas. The early administration of pralidoxima is crucial, great benefits are obtained if it begins in the first six hours after the acute intoxication. Atropine produces a dramatic clinical benefit for the symptoms muscarinic of the syndrome cholinergic. Important complications happen in the patients with organic phosphorus compounds poisoning, such as hypotension, fatal heart arrhythmias, intermediate syndrome of breathing distress and pneumonia are frequent and severe brain dysfunction.

Keywords : poisoning; toxic substances; oximas; hidrolysis; pralidoxime compounds.

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