Resumen

MORENO VALLADARES, Adriana; CARTAGENA PERDOMO, Álvaro E  y  MORA PABON, Guillermo. Apolipoprotein E and cardiovascular disease. rev.fac.med. [online]. 2006, vol.54, n.1, pp.53-65. ISSN 0120-0011.

Apolipoprotein E is a polymorphic glycoprotein who interacts with the lipoprotein receptors (LRP-Receptor Related Protein) and the receptors for low density lipoproteins of (LDL receptors). When lipoproteins bring up the receptors begins lipids captation and degradation which allows cholesterol utilization, taking place an intracellular auto regulation. The three isoforms of greater importance: Apo E2, E3 and E4 are product of three alleles e2, e3, e4 of one only gene. This factor is related with the amount of lipoproteins that contains ApoE for E/B receptors. A low concentration of lipoproteins with ApoE can increase the activity of LDL receptors and consequently downward the circulating LDL. In the other hand particles with Apo E3 or Apo E4, can cause a downward regulation of LDL and in this way produces a LDL plasma elevation. Many studies in human populations have concluded that this polymorphism of apoE and the plasma variation of lipoproteins are associated with cardiovascular risk. Cardiovascular disease is the result of different interaction between factors which are genetic factor specially ApoE polymorphism e4 allelic of ApoE can explain, in some degree, the greater frequency of cardiovascular disease in those who carries it.

Palabras clave : apolipoproteína; lipoproteína; polimorfismo; genético; arteriosclerosis coronaria.

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