Resumo

KNUDSON-OSPINA, Angélica et al. Clinical and parasitological profiles of patients with non-complicated Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in northwestern Colombia. rev.fac.med. [online]. 2015, vol.63, n.4, pp.595-607. ISSN 0120-0011.  https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v63.n4.47953.

Background. There are few studies in Colombia that have aimed at finding clinical and parasitological differences between Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria. Objective. To describe the clinical and parasitological profile of non-complicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in Tierralta, Cordoba, Colombia. Materials and Methods. Patients with non-complicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax were evaluated according to standardized protocols recommended by the Pan American Health Organization. Both clinical and parasitological information was collected. A multiple correspondence multivariate analysis was used to describe the different profiles of patients suffering non-complicated malaria caused by these two species before the administration of the required treatment. Results. One hundred and twelve patients aged 6 to 64 were evaluated, 59 (52.7%) suffering Plasmodium falciparum malaria and 53 (47.3%), Plasmodium vivax malaria. The most frequent symptoms were fever in 111 (99.1%; 95% CI: 81.5- 100), sweating in 105 (93.8%; 95% CI: 76.7-100) and musculoskeletal pain in 105 (93.8%; IC 95%: 76.7-100). Regarding the Plasmodium falciparum infections there was a higher frequency, with significant difference, in the following clinical manifestations: diarrhea: 18 patients (30.5%; 95%: 18.1-48.2); asthenia: 49 patients (83%; 95% CI: 61.4-109.8); palmar pallor: 39 patients (66.1%; 95% CI: 47-90.4); mucosal dryness: 12 patients (20.3%; 95%CI: 10.5-35.5). The chills appeared with higher frequency in Plasmodium vivax malaria (98.1%; 95%CI: 73.4-128.1). The multivariate analysis grouped the variables into four different profiles of clinical presentations: Clinical symptoms and their relation to the parasite count; clinical characteristics in relation to age and sex; history of malaria regarding demographic and clinical characteristics; and parasite species in relation to historic, clinical and demographic variables. Conclusions. Some clinical differences between patients with Plasmodium vivax and patients with Plasmodium falciparum were identified and the studied variables were grouped into four profiles which allow for a variety of interpretations.

Palavras-chave : Malaria; Plasmodium Falciparum; Plasmodium Vivax; Multivariate Analysis; Signs and Symptoms; Colombia.

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