Introduction:

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a common genetic disease in which cystic lesions develop and progressively replace the renal parenchyma. This is a cause of end-stage kidney disease and a common indication for dialysis and kidney transplantation. These disease presents in two forms, which can be differentiated by their inheritance patterns: autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD).

Objective:

To present a brief account of the most relevant aspects of kidney disease: epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis.

Materials and methods:

Systematic literature review conducted in the PubMed, Lilacs, UptoDate and Medline databases with the following terms: polycystic kidney diseases, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney.

Results:

271 articles were found and 64 were chosen based on their relevance.

Conclusions:

All autosomal polycystic kidney disease patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease should be considered for transplantation, since it is not contraindicated in most cases.

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