Abstract

VELASCO LAITON, Inés Yurany; SANA PULIDO, William Arnulfo; MORILLO CORONADO, Ana Cruz  and  MORILLO CORONADO, Yacenia. Morphoagronomic characterization of accessions of Triticum aestivum L. Rev. Cienc. Agr. [online]. 2022, vol.39, n.spe, pp.69-84.  Epub June 20, 2023. ISSN 0120-0135.  https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.202239e.196.

Wheat is one of the most economically important cereals for the department of Boyacá. However, there are low yields, phytosanitary problems, and lack of genetic material with desirable agronomic characteristics to meet market demand. The present study was conducted aiming to morphoagronomically characterize 49 genetic materials from the FENALCE collection using morphological and yield descriptors and multivariate and cluster analyses. Our results revealed that traits such as auricle color, edge shape, precocity, growth habit, grain size and serosity showed little genetic variability, while other traits (i.e., the number of tillers per plant, number of spikelets per spike and glume color) showed high genetic variability. The principal component analysis, based on the correlation matrix, showed that the first four principal components (PC) explained 71% of the total variation observed in the characterized genetic materials. The cluster analysis formed three groups according to the evaluated morphological traits, with group three containing the materials with the best agronomic characteristics. None of the evaluated materials had rust damage. The characters associated with yield, number of tillers per plant, number of spikelets per ear, and glume color allowed the selection of 15 wheat genetic materials as promising for future breeding programs that seek to identify elite materials for the department of Boyacá.

Keywords : cereal; morphological descriptor; variability; wheat; yield..

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