Abstract

MARTINEZ NINO, Carlos A; MANRIQUE PERDOMO, Carlos; ELZO, Mauricio A  and  JIMENEZ RODRIGUEZ, Ariel. Additive genetic group and heterosis effects on growth and corporal composition of crossbred cattle in southern Cesar (Colombia). Rev Colom Cienc Pecua [online]. 2012, vol.25, n.3, pp.377-390. ISSN 0120-0690.

Objective: given the need to evaluate several cattle breeds for growth and body composition traits in Colombia, the objective of this study was to obtain the best linear unbiased estimators of heterosis and breed group effects for these traits. Methods: live weight was evaluated at birth (PN), and aproximately at 4 months (P4), weaning (PD), first year (PA), and 15 months of age (P15). Body composition traits evaluated were rib eye area (AOL) and back fat thickness (GD) measured at the same ages as live weight, except at birth: AOL4 and GD4, AOLD and GDD, AOLA and GDA, AOL15 and GD15. The evaluated population consisted of 352 offspring from 37 bulls representing 9 breeds (Gray Brahman, Red Brahman, Guzerat, Blanco Orejinegro, Romosinuano, Normando, Braunvieh, Limousin, and Simmental), and Gray Brahman females. The farms were located in southern Cesar, Colombia. Univariate animal models were used. Models included contemporary group, dam parity, age of the animal, expected fraction of breed group in the animal, and proportion of heterozygosis as fixed effects, with direct additive and maternal as random effects. Results: the highest additive genetic values for PN, P4, PD, PA, P15 were found in Guzerat (6.31 kg), Normando (12.67 kg), Normando (8.28 kg), Braunvieh (24.80 kg) and Normando (42.20 kg), respectively. Those for AOL4, AOLD, AOLA and AOL15 in Limousin (20.87 cm²), Limousin (12.60 cm²), Simmental (10.94 cm²) and Limousin (16.09 cm²). And those for GD4, GDD, GDA and GD15 in Limousin (0.27 mm), Guzerat (0.21 mm), Blanco Orejinegro (1.05 mm) and Romosinuano (0.71 mm), respectively. The heterosis values for live weight ranged from -3.22 (PA) to 7.43 kg (P15), for AOL from 0.12 (AOL4) to 4.39 mm² (AOLA) and for GD from 0.01 (GDD and GD15) to 0.09 mm (GDA). Conclusion: results indicated that Normando was generally superior for live weight and Limousin was superior for AOL among the animals sampled from each breed in the study.

Keywords : beef cattle; corporal composition; crossbreeding; growth; heterosis.

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