Abstract

CESPEDES MELO, Sandra Milena. Dispositions, trajectories, and social images of the State and citizenship in the process of reintegration of guerrillas and paramilitaries in Colombia. Rev. colomb. soc. [online]. 2015, vol.38, n.1, pp.185-209. ISSN 0120-159X.  https://doi.org/10.15446/rcs.v38n1.53287.

Through structured and semi-structured interviews as well as data from the psychosocial process, this study seeks to show that the process of re-integration in Colombia does not take into account the historical conditions of the ex-combatants. The latter limits the process of re-insertion into society to an interchange of benefits for both actors, adopting the theoretical perspective of Pierre Bourdieu and his habitus-social field-capital triad and based on the Castoriadis' concept of the social imaginary. In this sense, this process does not take into account the processes of the internalization of practices, beliefs, and dispositions that allow ex-combatants to enter the field of re-insertion, developing a habitus based on the negative imaginary of what it means to be a citizen and the role of the State. Thus, this article presents insights on being a member of either the guerrilla or the paramilitaries in different places and moments: i) before the war, reporting the familial, social, political, and economic contexts in which the subjects developed that created dispositions for being linked to armed groups; ii) during the war, with the specific process of indoctrination and training developed by the individuals in each of the armed groups; and, finally, iii) in civilian life, a point at which we describe re-integration and the difficulties in the internalization of the reintegrated profile that the State seeks to achieve. In each case, we analyze the dispositions, habitus, and capitals in play for the subjects from each of the groups. The conclusions argue that, over the course of his trajectory, the subject has constructed social imaginaries of the State and citizenship that affect the current relationship that he must establish with the State. Similarly, the conclusions describe how institutions and agents in the field of reintegration find themselves in contrary positions, based on the absence of dialogue regarding the imaginaries constructed with regard to the other.

Keywords : AUC; field; capital; citizenship; FARC; State; habitus; social imaginary; reintegration; social trajectory.

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