Resumo

DIOSES, Edith Aranda. Sociability and modern urban configuration of camps in Peru: La Oroya and Talara (1940-1970). Rev. colomb. soc. [online]. 2020, vol.43, n.1, pp.215-234.  Epub 27-Abr-2020. ISSN 0120-159X.  https://doi.org/10.15446/rcs.v43n1.75467.

The text is a reflection on the social construction of space in order to determine whether the modern conception of the urban configuration of camps coincides with the sociability and sociocultural dynamics developed by the inhabitants. Two paradigmatic cases in the urban history of Peru are analyzed: the mining camp of La Oroya and the oil camp of Talara, between 1940 and 1970, a period that marks a modernization phase in Peruvian society. From a sociological perspective, the study carries out a comparative analysis of the urban experience in La Oroya and Talara, two different geographic and sociocultural spaces of Peruvian territory, controlled by foreign companies that constitute enclaves.

The objective of the analysis is to clarify the scope and limitations of camps as modern urban projects, when those companies attempt to dominate collective activity through integration and order based on a bureaucratic rationality. The following questions arise in that respect: how do the inhabitants process the experience of modernity in camps conceived as modern urban projects?; how are the traditional cultural codes of inhabitants of peasant origins recreated and how do they coexist with modernity within a new social arrangement? The article reflects on these questions, taking into account the essential links between the way of inhabiting and the repositioning of the social actors' cultural guidelines.

Likewise, it analyzes diverse forms of sociability in the camps, including sociability in everyday life, which involves forms of social integration or segregation. The article then seeks to clarify the sociocultural relations that show adaptation or continuity of customs and habits that are part of the inhabitants' cultural tradition. Subsequently, it inquiries into the power and domination exercised by the companies on the dependent population. To conclude, the article sets forth some ideas to clarify whether camps are modern urban projects or an artifice of modernity, and, above all, how their inhabitants live the experience of modernity.

Descriptors: modernity, Peru, urban development, urban sociology.

Palavras-chave : camps; everyday life; La Oroya; modernity; Perú; sociability; Talara; urban configuration.

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