Resumen

MARTINEZ, Heidi Liliana; RESTREPO, César Augusto  y  ARANGO, Fernando. Quality of life and functional status of elderly with chronic kidney disease stage 5 in dialysis therapy. Acta Med Colomb [online]. 2015, vol.40, n.1, pp.13-19. ISSN 0120-2448.

Objective: to evaluate quality of life, functional status, cognitive and affective aspects in patients over 65 with stage 5 chronic kidney disease on dialysis therapy. Patients, materials and methods: patients 65 years and older with chronic kidney disease stage 5 in dialysis therapy for more than 90 days (hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD)) without dementia or recent hospitalization. Sociodemographic variables were evaluated and geriatric validated scales for the following aspects were applied: disability, frailty, cognitive impairment, depression and comorbidity. The specific instrument 1.3 KDQOL for assessing quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis therapy was also applied. Statistical analysis: analytical cross-sectional descriptive study, determining frequency distributions, measures of central tendency, measures of dispersion; in the bivariate analysis, quality of life and functional status in relation to variables: sociodemographic, affective, cognitive, frailty and comorbidity and a multiple logistic regression was subsequently performed. Results: 90 patients met the inclusion criteria, of which 60 belonged to the program HD and 30 to PD. Mean age in HD was 74.1 ± 6.1 and in PD 72.6 ± 6 years. 49.55% were men in HD and 43.7% in DP; average time on HD 74.2 ± 56.8 months and 46.5 ± 33.9 months in PD. KT / V in HD was 1.53 ± 0.433 and 2.29 ± 0.66i n PD. 51% of HD patients met criteria for moderate depression and 5% for severe depression. For the group of PD, 56% with moderate depression without criteria for major depression. Fragility was found in 68% for the HD group and 53.3% for the group of PD. 56% of patients in the HD group were completely independent and 40% in the group of PD. In terms of quality of life with the use of KDQOL 1.3 domains with deterioration in quality of life according to the results from this study were: burden of chronic kidney disease, symptoms of kidney disease, work, physical function and pain. Determinants for better quality of life domains were: being male, being on peritoneal dialysis, have a good level of independence measured by the Barthel scale and age (the younger, the better quality of life), while the determinants of worse quality of life were: being female, having depressive symptoms (as screening with Yesavage scale), have involvement in physical ABC with some degree of physical dependence according to Barthel, belong to the group of hemodialysis, and age (the older, worse quality of life). Conclusions: in general the functional status of these patients shows an appropriate level of independence. As for the quality of life, the most affected domains for the analyzed group are pain, physical function, symptoms of kidney disease and renal disease burden, as well as work, which relate to some predictors on intervention such as depressive symptoms and type of dialysis; this presumes that the intervention of such variables would have direct implications on the quality of life for this population group. (Acta Med Colomb 2015; 40: 13-19).

Palabras clave : chronic renal failure; dialysis; quality of life; elderly.

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