Resumo

ROMERO, LUIS ALBERTO. The Spanish Civil War and Ideological and Political Polarization: Argentina, 1936-1946. Anu. colomb. hist. soc. cult. [online]. 2011, vol.38, n.2, pp.17-37. ISSN 0120-2456.

Deeply moved by the Spanish Civil War, the Spanish community in Argentina, and society as a whole, mobilized in support of one side or the other. The majority, which belonged to a liberal, democratic, and reformist tradition, adhered to the Republic, but the supporters of the Franco regime, recruited mainly from a dynamic Catholic and nationalist anti-liberalism, constituted a significant minority. This article analyzes the repercussions of that polarization in politics, as well as its translation and adaptation to local circumstances, with special emphasis on the alternatives of the anti-fascist front. The latter played an important role in the cultural and intellectual field, in which emigrated Spanish Republicans had a strong presence. There were two turning points in the process: the military coup of June 1943, which was interpreted as the triumph of fascism in Argentina, and the election, in 1946, of Perón, who recruited the support of labor unions that had until then supported anti-fascism. Explaining this paradoxical result is the objective of this article.

Palavras-chave : antifascism; Argentina; national Catholicism; politics; Spanish Civil War.

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