Abstract

VALAREZO, Juan Xavier et al. Omission of macronutrients and bioavailability of cadmium in soils of Ecuador. Acta Agron. [online]. 2022, vol.71, n.3, pp.248-257.  Epub Feb 13, 2024. ISSN 0120-2812.  https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v71n3.105855.

Cadmium (Cd) is present in the cocoa soils of Ecuador, which and can be the result of various anthropogenic activities such as agriculture, mining, transportation, etc. It can cause problems in the marketing of agricultural products nationally and internationally, and also in consumers’ health, as it is absorbed by plants and enters the food chain. The effects of omitting macronutrients on the absorption of Cd by rice plants were evaluated in six tropical soils of Ecuador in aim to reduce the absorption of Cd from the soil. For this, a trial was carried out under greenhouse conditions where nine treatments were evaluated: control 1 (without fertilization and without Cd), a control 2 (without fertilization with Cd), complete fertilization (N, P, K, S, Mg, Ca) and the remaining six treatments, omission of a nutrient at a time, using a randomized complete block experiment design with divided plots replicated three times. The variables evaluated were compared using the Tukey and Bonferroni tests with a value of P<0.05. The results found show that complete fertilization stimulated Cd absorption in the soils of the six provinces evaluated (Esmeraldas, Manabí, Guayas, El Oro, Los Ríos y Sucumbíos); in addition, the omission of nutrients affected Cd absorption, varying independently of soil characteristics, so this technique is considered a valid alternative to evaluate Cd absorption under different edaphoclimatic conditions and to guarantee the safety of the product to be consumed by the population.

Keywords : absorption; fertilization; safety; heavy metal; translocation.

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