Abstract

BRU-CORDERO, S. B et al. CACHAMA -Piaractus brachypomus- AND NILE TILAPIA -Oreochromis niloticus- BICULTURE IN BIOFLOC FED DIETS OF VEGETABLE ORIGIN. Rev. Med. Vet. Zoot. [online]. 2017, vol.64, n.1, pp.44-60. ISSN 0120-2952.  https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v64n1.65824.

The productive performance of cachama and nile tilapia reared in biofloc and fed diets of vegetal origin was evaluated. In 1000L tanks with permanent aeration, were placed 80 fish/m³, in a ratio 1:1 (cachama : tilapia); fish were fed with three levels of crude protein (CP): 16% (T16), 24% (T24) and 32% (T32) for 120 days. Parameters of growth, yield, water quality, production costs and proximal analysis of the flocs were estimated. Dissolved oxygen showed saturation above 100% and nitrogen compounds (NO₂ = 0.4-0.5 mg/l, NO₃ = 0.4-0.5 mg/l, NH₃ = 0.2-0.3 mg/l, TAN = 2.2-2.4 mg/l) showed no statistical difference between treatments (P > 0.05). The final weight of the cachama (173.5-196.2 g) were between two and four times those obtained by tilapia (43.0-87.9 g). The tilapia recorded a better daily gain of weight in T24 (0.7 g/day); while the cachama ranged between 1.2-1.3 g/day, with no significant difference between these values (P > 0.05). The best bi-culture yield was obtained in T24 diet (11.4 ± 1.3 kg/ m³), which also recorded the lowest FCA (0.9 ± 0.3). To produce one kilogram of fish cost between COP$3.148 (T24) and COP$4.445 (T32); of which the food represented between 49.2% (T16) and 63.3% (T32) and energy between 10.3% (T32) and 14.2% (T16) of total costs. Proximal analysis of the flocs recorded crude protein levels suitable (29-36% PB) for cachama and tilapia; but with low lipid levels (< 1.0%). The productive performance and the production costs allow to suggest the viability of the biofloc system for the production of fish meat with 24% CP diet of vegetal origin.

Keywords : Bromatology; water quality; bacterial flocs; fish farming.

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