Abstract

MIRA MONTOYA, A.; SANCHEZ GARCIA, J. L.  and  MARTINEZ ARANZALES, J. R.. Evaluation by simple gastroscopy and conventional chromoendoscopy of the gastro-esophageal and proximal duodenal surface of equine. Preliminary study. Rev. Med. Vet. Zoot. [online]. 2020, vol.67, n.2, pp.136-148.  Epub Mar 26, 2021. ISSN 0120-2952.  https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v67n2.90709.

Equine gastrointestinal diseases have a high occurrence with a variable prognostic in clinic practice. Most of the studies limits to describe ulcerative and inflammatory lesions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential complementary diagnostic of conventional chromoendoscopy on the gastroesophageal and proximal duodenal mucosa of the equine. 20 Colombian creole horses, of both sexes (12 females and 8 males), with ages between 5 and 20 years old, weight between 250 and 350 kilograms, body condition 4-5/9, that had presented digestive alterations in the last 3 months, were subjected to fasting (solids 12h and liquids 4h) and sedated (xylazine 0,5 mg/kg/iv) to be evaluated by gastroscopy and chromoendoscopy, using for stains phenol red, lugol, indigo carmine, methylene blue and acetic acid, taking biopsy samples of the segments that showed reaction. The methylene blue revealed 52%, lugol 19%, and phenol red, indigo carmine and acetic acid revealed only 9,5% of the lesions, being the squamous epithelium the most affected (66,6%), glandular epithelium (19%), pyloric antrum (9,5%) and proximal duodenum (4,7%), where histopathological findings were hyperplasia, hypertrophy, hyperkeratosis, congestion, vacuolar degeneration, cellular infiltrates, fibrosis, necrosis and atrophy in different degrees of severity. Chromoendoscopy revealed lesions premature, which go unnoticed with conventional light endoscopy techniques. This is the first study using chromoscopy in horses to show that the reagents used allow a better visualization of injuries than the conventional technique, helping histopathological studies and molecular biology to understand ulcerative premature injuries and possible pathophysiological pathways. However, larger controlled studies and a larger number of samples are needed.

Keywords : chromoendoscopy; EGUS; equine; gastroscopy; lesions.

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