Abstract

BONA, Leandro Marcelo. The Economic Surplus in Argentina: The Neoliberal Stage (1991-2001) Versus Neo-Developmental Stage (2002-2015). Apuntes del Cenes [online]. 2018, vol.37, n.66, pp.99-134. ISSN 0120-3053.  https://doi.org/10.19053/01203053.v37.n66.2019.6126.

This paper aims to study the evolution of Argentina's political economy by comparing the periods of convertibility (1991-2001) and post-convertibility (2002-2015), recovering the analysis provided by the theory of economic surplus (in its Structuralist and Marxist versions). For this purpose, statistical series of the variables necessary for this purpose are defined and constructed: the cost of social reproduction and the economic surplus, discriminating in the latter case their productive uses (investment and savings) and unproductive uses (capital flight and luxury consumption). The preparation of these series is based on various methods of survey and estimation that come from the National Accounts, International Accounts and other sources of information. The results obtained indicate: 1) that economic surplus represents more than half of GDP, 2) that we observe a deterioration in the conditions of social reproduction in the neoliberal stage, while over the second period of the neo-developmentalist stage, this tendency was reversed and 3) that the destinations of economic surplus in Argentina are largely unproductive and this conspires against the possibilities of developing a socially more equitable and potentially more diversified economy.

Keywords : Argentina; economic surplus; income distribution; neo-liberalism; neo-developmentalism.

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